the newborn who is born before terms is a candidate for the development of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. the intense hypoxia and acidosis that ensue as the consequence of inadequate alveolar-capillary exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxid may prove fatal antenatal steroid therapy can affect rds (respiratory distress syndrom) and its complications. the newborn before 34 weeks have a s...

OBJECTIVE To review the risk of in utero infection through prenatal invasive procedures in women with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and/or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. OUTCOMES Fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. EVIDENCE Published literature was retrieved through searches of Medline, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library using appropriate controlled vocabulary (amniocentes...

the term congenital hypopituitarism defines deficiency of all of the pituitary hormones. hypoglycemia and microphallus (in males) are common findings, and some infants have shown evidence of the neonatal hepatitis syndrome. we report a case of congenital panhypopituitarism with deficiency of six major hormones and association with severe hypoglycemia, impaired liver function tests and congenita...

Objective: To see the usefulness of liver biopsy in the diagnosis and to document the spectrum of paediatric liver diseases. Methods: A retrospective, cross sectional survey at Histopathology department of Army Medical College Rawalpindi from January 2000 to December 2003. The liver biopsies were taken with Menghini needle. The fixed tissues were processed under standard conditions. Results: Du...

A case of neonatal hemochromatosis is reported in a premature 35-week infant who presented at birth with coffee ground vomiting and gradual appearance of grayish icter and colorless stool. Neonatal hemochromatosis was confirmed by elevated ferritin levels and extrahepatic siderosis detected in liver biopsy.

Kobayashi, A., Utsunomiya, T., Ohbe, Y., and Nagashima, Y. (1974). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 49, 90. Intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium in hepatobiliary disease in infancy. The intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium was measured by metabolic balance studies in 6 normal infants, 13 infants with biliary atresia, 5 infants with successfully repaired biliary atresia, 7 i...

Soon after introducing recombinant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine, universal neonatal vaccination became the corner stone of the preventive measures for this potentially life threatening infection (1-3). By 2006 more than 177 out of 193 member states of world health organization (WHO) introduced HBV vaccination in their national infant immunization programs (1). Following a complete series of ...

Background and Aim: Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a serious disease. Advances in medical management intensive care have improved native survival recent years. We identified the etiology, outcome factors to predict these patients. Methods: This was retrospective study done from January 2020 December 2022 at referral Gastroenterology Hepatology centre North India. Children aged between ...