the unit group of AK but has a finer topology (using the restricted product topology ensures that a 7→ a−1 is continuous, which is not true of the subspace topology). As a topological group, IK is locally compact and Hausdorff. The multiplicative group K× is canonically embedded as a discrete subgroup of IK via the diagonal map x 7→ (x, x, x, . . .), and the idele class group is the quotient CK...

Abstract In this paper, a heuristic method based on Firefly Algorithm is proposed for inverse kinematics problems in articulated robotics, the proposal is called, IK-FA. Solving inverse kinematics, IK, consists in finding a set of jointpositions allowing a specific point of the system to achieve a target position. In IK-FA, the Fireflies positions are assumed to be a possible solution for joint...

The bat algorithm (BA) is a nature inspired which mimicking the bio-sensing characteristics of bats, known as echolocation. This paper suggests Bat-based meta-heuristic for inverse kinematics problem robotic arm. An intrinsically modified BA proposed to find an (IK) solution, respecting minimum variation joints’ elongation from initial configuration robot manipulator new pause position. method ...

Distinguishing 'indigenous' and 'Western' as two types of knowledge is not only potentially ridiculous, but also counterproductive for those who believe that indigenous knowledge has a contribution to make to sustainable development; There is actually nothing new about the rhetoric and practice of indigenous knowledge; The strategy of archiving and disseminating indigenous knowledge runs counte...

Berberine iodide (IK-1) and acetoneberberine (IK-2) showed higher cytotoxicity against five human oral squamous cell carcinoma (HSC-2, HSC-3, HSC-4, NA, CA9-22) and one human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cell lines, than against normal human oral tissue-derived cells (gingival fibroblast HGF, pulp cell HPC, periodontal ligament fibroblast HPLF), producing a tumor specificity index of 4.0 and ...

In this paper, we study the existence of solution of the four-point boundary value problem for second-order differential equations with impulses by using leray-Schauder theory:   x′′(t) = f(t, x(t), x′(t)), t ∈ [0, 1], t 6= tk, k = 1, 2,··· ,m ∆x(tk) = Ik(x(tk)), k = 1, 2,··· ,m ∆x′(tk) = Ik(x(tk), x ′(tk)), k = 1, 2,··· ,m x(0) = αx(ξ), x(1) = βx(η), (E) where 0 < ξ ≤ η < 0, αξ(1 − β) + (1 ...

The IK programming environment was designed to ease the development of distributed applications which use object-oriented concepts. The IK Run Time Support solves most of the problems introduced by distribution, such as locating and accessing objects, translating between di erent data representations or even between di erent object programming languages. This paper describes the design and impl...