Abstract Beyond the observation of official positions and incorporating ‘Latent Power Structure’ (LPS), this article offers a broadened view organization democratic governments. We define LPS as set former officials, parliamentary party members, business directors who are closely related to government since they have recruited one or more them for certain in past. Applied Social Network Analysi...

Social egalitarians are clear that the ideal of social equality applies both to private and public relationships—friendships marriages as well political economic associations. Most support democratic procedures institutions a way counteracting subordinating nature state power. On this view, egalitarianism can be compatible with power needn’t anarchists. In contrast, I argue egalitarians' tolera...

Abstract Can revenue sharing of resource rents be a source distributive conflict? cohesive institutions avoid such conflicts? We exploit exogenous variation in local government revenues and new data on democratic Nigeria to study these questions. find strong link between conflict. Conflicts are highly organized concentrated districts time-periods with unelected governments. Once governments ele...

An essential task of democratic societies is to establish a proper balance between freedom and order. From this general principle of democratic governments, we examine the regulation of occupations by the state. The issue of regulation involves the role of government in reconciling the special interests of the members of the occupation with the general concerns of the public. These special inte...

This paper shows that more than 80% of the E-Governments in the world are vulnerable to common Web-application attacks such as Cross Site Scripting and SQL injection. Industrialized countries were found to be more vulnerable than under-developed countries (90% vs. 50%). The paper also describes some malicious data mining possibilities on the Norwegian E-Government, and how information can be co...

This article addresses the question of whether, or under what conditions, democratic institutions contribute to ‘developmental governance’ in sub-Saharan Africa, in forms such as coherent policy formulation, effective public administration, and limited corruption. While few dispute the desirability for Africa of democracy and good governance in theory, many remain sceptical about whether the tw...

This paper frames a discussion of Maharishi’s Absolute Theory of Government in the context of the current divisive nature of government, showing that the adversarial tendencies of any style of government have only perpetuated problems in the lives of the citizens of all nations. The author examines various interventions, such as economic policy, which, if fully developed, are thought to provide...