This report updates the 2014 recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of seasonal influenza vaccines. Updated information for the 2015-16 season includes 1) antigenic composition of U.S. seasonal influenza vaccines; 2) information on influenza vaccine products expected to be available for the 2015-16 season; 3) an updated algorithm for determi...

We previously reported that horse antiserum against the Japanese equine influenza vaccine virus, A/equine/La Plata/1993 (LP93) exhibited reduced cross-neutralization against some Florida sublineage Clade (Fc) 2 viruses, for example, A/equine/Carlow/2011 (CL11). As a result, Japanese vaccine manufacturers will replace LP93 with A/equine/Yokohama/aq13/2010 (Y10, Fc2). To assess the benefit of upd...

BACKGROUND Influenza-virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein expressed in insect cells by recombinant baculovirus is a candidate influenza vaccine. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind trial conducted in 399 adults > or = 65 years of age, the efficacy of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) licensed for intramuscular injection was compared with that of trivalent baculovirus-expressed HA va...

Description of the eviDence collection methoD: Active searches were made on the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scielo/LILACS and Cochrane Library databases, using the following descriptive terms (MeSH terms): Vaccines, Vaccination, Immunization, Immunization Schedule*, Immunization Programs, Mass vaccination, Vaccines, Inactivated; Vaccines Attenuated, Vaccines,Synthetic; Antiviral Agents, Antibodies, Viral; ...

In August 2007, an outbreak of equine influenza occurred among vaccinated racehorses with Japanese commercial equine influenza vaccine at Kanazawa Racecourse in Ishikawa prefecture in Japan. Apparent symptoms were pyrexia (38.2-41.0 degrees C) and nasal discharge with or without coughing, although approximately half of the infected horses were subclinical. All horses had been shot with a vaccin...

The protective efficacy of a subunit avian influenza virus H5 vaccine based on recombinant baculovirus expressed H5 haemagglutinin antigen and an inactivated H5N2 avian influenza vaccine combined with a marker antigen (tetanus toxoid) was compared with commercially available inactivated H5N2 avian influenza vaccine in young ducks. Antibody responses, morbidity, mortality, and virus shedding wer...

The Influenza Complications Alert Network (FluCAN) is a sentinel hospital-based surveillance programme operating in all states and territories in Australia. We summarise the epidemiology of children hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed influenza in 2014 and reports on the effectiveness of inactivated trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in children. In this observational study, cases were defi...

BACKGROUND A modelling study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of trivalent (TIV) and quadrivalent (QIV) vaccination in South Africa and Australia. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the potential benefits of alternative vaccination strategies which may depend on community-specific demographic and health characteristics. METHODS Two influenza A and two influenza B strains w...

Priming immunization plays a key role in protecting individuals or populations to influenza viruses that are novel to humans. To identify the most promising vaccine priming strategy, we have evaluated different prime-boost regimens using inactivated, DNA and live attenuated vaccines in ferrets. Live attenuated influenza A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) candidate vaccine (LAIV, VN04 ca) primed ferrets...

OBJECTIVES Influenza infection is a significant cause of respiratory morbidity among pregnant women. Seasonal influenza vaccination engages innate immune receptors to promote protective immunity. A coding polymorphism (R620W) in PTPN22 imparts elevated risk for human infection and autoimmune disease, predisposes to diminished innate immune responses, and associates with reduced immunization res...