Over the past decade, conditional cash transfer programs have been widely adopted in lowerand middle-income countries. Nearly every Latin American country has such a program, and pilot programs are being implemented in countries around the world, including locations in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and most recently, North America. There has been relatively consistent evidence that these prog...

This article contains the latest information on the historical development and present status of all the major U.S. social insurance and public aid programs under the Social Security Act: the Social Security program (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance); Railroad Retirement; Public Employee Retirement; Unemployment Insurance; Workers’ Compensation; State programs for Temporary Disabili...

After a randomized controlled trial showing that improvement on some aspects of cognitive function was related to adherence to an exercise program, determinants of adherence and maintenance were further studied. Older adults with mild cognitive impairment were contacted 6 mo after the end of exercise programs for a telephone interview addressing patterns of adherence and determinants of mainten...

background: breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. however, if detected in early stages, the disease is controllable. in view of the important role of women's beliefs and the necessity of performing screening behaviors in early detection of breast cancer, this study was carried out to determine the psycho-cognitive factors affe...

BACKGROUND China uses both social health insurance (SHI) programs and a medical financial assistance (MFA) program to protect the poor from illness-induced financial risks. The MFA provides a dual benefit package targeting low-income families: subsidizing these families' participation in SHI programs, and providing cash aid to protect them from catastrophic health expenditure (CHE). This study ...

This Policy Brief is the fourth in a series of reports issued by the George Washington University Center for Health Services Research and Policy that examine the design of separately-administered State Children's Health Insurance Programs (SCHIP) that is, programs that operate directly under the authority of the federal SCHIP statute rather than expansions of state Medicaid programs. These Poli...

During the mid-1960s, the United States adopted a series of cash and in-kind transfer programs, as well as human capital investment strategies, as part of the War on Poverty. A number of other programs were first proposed as part of this "war" but were not implemented until the mid-1970s. These programs had noble goals: to increase incomes at the bottom of the income distribution, reduce povert...