The Indus basin is considered as the one with highest dependence on snowmelt runoff in High Mountain Asia. recent Asia snow reanalysis enables us to go beyond previous studies by evaluating both and sublimation at scale. Over 2000–2016, basin-average was 101 ± 11 Gt.a−1 (121 13 mm.a−1), which represents about 25–30% of annual precipitation. Snow accounts for 11% mean ablation, but a large spati...

Abstract. We propose an innovative methodology to estimate the formative discharge of alluvial rivers from remote sensing images. This procedure involves automatic extraction width a channel Landsat Thematic Mapper, 8, and Sentinel-1 satellite translate extracted images using width–discharge regime curve established previously by us for Himalayan rivers. is based on threshold theory, simple phy...

archaeology is growing science that continues to discover the material remains of man; hence, it is the best evidence to understand human relations that too shows close co-operation between the neighboring countries, especially iran and india (present pakistan). right from bronze age when man started building a better social organization, archaeology presents positive evidences for economic an...

Temperature data for seven instrumental records in the Karakoram and Hindu Kush Mountains of the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) have been analyzed for seasonal and annual trends over the period 1961–2000 and compared with neighboring mountain regions and the Indian subcontinent. Strong contrasts are found between the behavior of winter and summer temperatures and between maximum and minimum temperatur...

The Indus River Basin (IRB) is a severely water-stressed and rapidly developing home to an estimated 250 million people in South Asia. An acute deficit of environmental flows (EFs) the basin’s delta negatively impacts geomorphology surrounding ecosystems. Here, sub-national model IRB’s integrated water–energy–land systems applied quantify multi-sector transformations system costs for enhancing ...