Agriculture remains a sensitive issue during multilateral trade negotiations within the World Trade Organization (WTO). Similar problems arise at the bilateral level, as in the case of trade talks between the United States and the Dominican Republic. The study explores the determinant of agricultural industry competitiveness in the 21st century, particularly in the case of U.S. and Dominican ag...

This paper investigates the relationship between intra-industry trade (IIT) and immigration flows using a gravity model for the period 2000-2010 between Portugal and European Union’s Member States (EU-27). The present study uses the methodology of Kandogan (2003) for separating IIT into its components horizontal (HIIT) and vertical intra-industry trade (VIIT).Using a panel data approach, our st...

INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE AS AN INDICATOR OF LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT A growing body of recent empirical research uses measures of change in intra-industry trade as indicators of labor market adjustment. In this paper, we argue that the theoretical foundations for this work are problematic. To make this argument we develop a simple model with both interand intra-industry trade and adjustment. We defi...

In this paper we demonstrate that intra-industry trade (or FDI) between identical countries could produce the observed deterioration in the relative wages of unskilled workers. This involves a model of North-North integration through either increased trade flows or increased MNE-based production. Our motivation in this regard is arguments to the effect that trade cannot be responsible for the o...

In this paper the trade restrictiveness of agricultural policies in Iran was measured by the TRIindex for the nine major agricultural products including wheat, rice, barely, maize, soybean,meat (beef meat), soybean oil, sugar and banana over the period 1981 to 2007. The main resultsindicate that there is no trend in above index and high volatility especially in 2006 and 2007years due to conside...

Does exchanging similar products within the same industry facilitate trade liberalization? While decades of theoretical research identified forceful political and economic reasons for open trade in the presence of high intra-industry trade, there exists surprisingly little empirical evidence supporting the claim. We contend that the lack of evidence is attributable to the common practice of cou...

Six years after the Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) adopted strong implementation guidelines for the treaty’s Article 5.3, that article’s promise for protecting tobacco control policymaking from tobacco industry interference remains almost entirely unrealised. While some government agencies, mostly healthfocused, have inst...

Endowment based economic models with constant returns to scale and perfect competition have been a primary theoretical basis for analyzing political preferences of domestic actors. However, it is well known that such class of model is inadequate in explaining the large volume of intra-industry trade. How do we understand distributive consequences of trade policy of industrialized countries espe...

FDI have dramatically impacted trade patterns of Central Europe and mode of integrating into global markets. Thanks to FDI, CEEC-10 have moved from inter-industry trade, characteristic of their central planning era, to intra-industry or intra-product trade, as network trade is often referred to. FDI have helped close the initial gap between endowments in high skilled labor and export baskets dr...

This paper examines the response of industries and firms to changes in trade costs. Several new firm-level models of international trade with heterogeneous firms predict that industry productivity will rise as trade costs fall due to the reallocation of activity across plants within an industry. Using disaggregated U.S. import data, we create a new measure of trade costs over time and industrie...