The resistant carbohydrates, inulin, and Fibersol-2, belong to soluble dietary fibers and are considered important prebiotics that maintain biological functions, including glucose homeostasis, lipid regulation, colon disease prevention, and prebiotics characteristics. However, few studies have investigated Fibersol-2 alone or in combination with inulin to assess a pooled effect on modulation of...

OBJECTIVE To ascertain whether a 1-year remission induction therapy with an infliximab-MTX (INF-MTX) combination in patients with early RA provided sustained benefit after INF cessation compared with conventional treatment. METHODS Twenty patients with poor prognosis RA of < 1 year of disease duration were randomized to receive either INF and MTX or placebo infusions and MTX for 1 year. They ...

Spatial records of species are commonly misidentified, which can change the predicted distribution of a species obtained from a species distribution model (SDM). Experiments were undertaken to predict the distribution of real and simulated species using MaxEnt and presence-only data “contaminated” with varying rates of misidentification error. Additionally, the difference between the niche of t...

In this paper, we apply a special application of the Rao quadratic diversity for multiscale analysis of land use changes in a mixed agricultural-forest landscape in Central Italy. The proposed approach is similar to a block-size analysis of compositional diversity for which a given landscape is overlaid with a series of square grids composed of increasingly larger boxes. The combination of land...

L {inf B; B ranges over subsets of L: B ∈ F}. One can prove the following proposition (1) Let L1, L2 be complete lattices. Suppose the relational structure of L1 = the relational structure of L2. Let X1 be a non empty subset of L1, X2 be a non empty subset of L2, F1 be a filter of 2 X1 ⊆ , and F2 be a filter of 2 X2 ⊆ . If F1 = F2, then lim inf F1 = lim inf F2. Let L be a non empty FR-structure...

BACKGROUND The recruitment of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T (Treg) cells is one of the most important mechanisms by which parasites down-regulate the immune system. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We compared the effects of Treg cells from Trichinella spiralis-infected mice and uninfected mice on experimental allergic airway inflammation in order to understand the functions of parasite-induced Treg cells. ...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical relevance of the levels of TNFα blockers and anti-drug antibodies (anti-drug Ab) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) treated with adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), or infliximab (INF) for a prolonged period of time. METHODS Clinical characteristics (disease activity, and adverse events), serum TNFα blockers, and anti-drug ...

We investigated differences in L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) between infant (INF, 1-12 mo old), young adult (YAD, 14-18 yr old), and older adult (AD) myocytes from biopsies of right atrial appendages. Basal ICa was smaller in INF myocytes (1.2 +/- 0.1 pA/pF, n = 29, 6 +/- 1 mo old, 11 patients) than in YAD (2.5 +/- 0.2 pA/pF, n = 20, 16 +/- 1 yr old, 5 patients) or AD (2.6 +/- 0.3 pA/pF, n = 19, 66...