Title of Document: COSTS AND BENEFITS OF COOPERATIVE INFANT CARE IN WILD GOLDEN LION TAMARINS (LEONTOPITHECUS ROSALIA). Jennifer Marie Siani, Doctor of Philosophy, 2009 Directed By: Dr. James M. Dietz, Professor Behavior, Ecology, Evolution, & Systematics In cooperative breeding species, nonbreeding individuals typically delay dispersal, forego reproduction and provide care to infants that are ...

In many mammals, early social experience is critical to developing species-appropriate adult behaviors. Although mother-infant interactions play an undeniably significant role in social development, other individuals in the social milieu may also influence infant outcomes. Additionally, the social skills necessary for adult success may differ between the sexes. In chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes),...

We have obtained the valuable findings about the developmental processes of demonstrative expression skills, which is concerned with the fundamental commonsense of human knowledge, such as to get an object and to catch someone’s attention. We have already developed a framework to record genuine spontaneous speech of infants. We are constructing a multimodal infant behavior corpus, which enables...

Charting the dynamic character of mother-infant interaction requires using observational systems of sequential coding in real time. A longitudinal study was designed to approach maternal sensitivity in a more complex way using sequential analysis. The study was conducted with 20 high- and 20 low-risk mothers and their infants (aged: 3, 12 and 15 months) to examine the relation among mothers' ri...

Infant Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) do not exhibit endogenous heat production before 3 weeks of age and do not huddle effectively during cold exposure, gaining little thermoregulatory benefit from the presence of multiple littermates. In contrast, infant Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) produce heat endogenously and are effective at maintaining elevated body temperatures by hudd...

Infant nonhuman primates, particularly Old World monkeys and apes, typically interact with a number of different types of conspecifics on a daily basis. The interactants range from mothers and matrilineally related kin to unrelated adult females and males. In addition, a variety of different behavior patterns can occur. An infant can be the object of extremely solicitous and nurturing behavior,...

We have succeeded to obtain the valuable findings about the developmental processes of demonstrative expression skills, which concern the fundamental human .commonsense knowledge, such as to get an object and to catch someone’s attention. We have already developed a framework to record genuine spontaneous speech of infants. We are constructing a multimodal infant behavior corpus, which enables ...

Prolactin is associated with both maternal and paternal care and appears important in developing a bond between parent and infant. In contrast with oxytocin, another hormone important in infant care, there is scant information on the role of prolactin in maintaining adult heterosexual relationships. We present here the first results demonstrating a relationship between prolactin levels and sexu...

We examined the home-based concerns reported by mothers of infant siblings of children with autism across the first year of life. At all three ages measured, mothers of high-risk infants were significantly more likely than mothers of low-risk infants to report language, social communication, and restricted and repetitive behavior concerns but were not more likely to report general, medically ba...

The behavioral and physiological thermoregulatory capabilities of newborn and infant mammals have been studied for over half a century. Psychobiologists have noted that the infants of altricial species (e.g., rats) have physical and physiological limitations such that heat loss overwhelms heat production, thus forcing a reliance on behavioral thermoregulation for the maintenance of body tempera...