Associations between maternal sensitivity to infant distress and nondistress and infant social-emotional adjustment were examined in a subset of dyads from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care (N = 376). Mothers reported on infant temperament at 1 and 6 months postpartum, and maternal sensitivity to distress and nondistress were observed at 6 months. Child behavior problems, social competence, a...

Studies on cooperative care of offspring in callitrichid primates are biased in favor of observations in captivity. In the wild, however, individuals have to deal with environmental pressures, which may influence their social behavior. We compared the individual effort attributed to parental care offered by members of a wild group (couple, plus a subadult helper) and two captive groups (A: coup...

background: attention to organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction is effective in improving employees’ performance and quality of services in health care organizations. due to higher job pressure and dissatisfaction among nurses, it seems like evaluating the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction among nurses is important.   methods: in thi...

Background: The first year of life is the most important period of an extra uterine brain development requires environmental stimulation for developmental capabilities expression. Mean while, due to the repeated environmental disparity, nursery children are at great risk of developmental delay. Aim: To determine the effect of an evidence-based care package on infant gross motor development. Met...

Distress-linked activation of the maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis is considered a pathway by which affect regulation impacts the fetal milieu and neurodevelopment. There is little direct evidence for this conceptual model. In 103 women [mean age 27.45 (±5.65) years] at 36-38 weeks gestation, salivary cortisol was measured before/after stress tasks; distress questionnaires wer...

reproductive behavior of 1525 pregnant woman were studied in the time of termination of pregnancy in relation to maternal age, education, prenatal care and the number of previous pregnancies. the results show that the frequency of maternal attendance at the centers of prenatal care is significantly related to maternal education. and the total pregnancies per woman are inversely correlated with ...

background: heart failure is one of the chronic heart diseases and a debilitating condition of increased prevalence in the elderly. one of the important and non‑pharmacological strategies for improving clinical outcomes in these patients is promotion of the self‑care. background and social environment in which a patient is trying to control his disease is an important factor in the self‑care. t...

CONTEXT Women's behavior during pregnancy, which can affect the health of their infant, may be influenced by their attitude toward the pregnancy. METHODS Multivariate analyses of data from the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey and the 1988 National Survey of Family Growth were conducted to investigate whether women with unplanned births differ from other women in their pregnancy...

One of the foundations of attachment theory is the notion that early care plays a key role in determining the quality of child-caregiver attachment relationships. Studies have consistently shown relations between maternal sensitivity and infant security. Further research is required to resolve issues arising from modest correlations, focus on research in stressful as opposed to ordinary context...

Survival of altricial infants depends on attachment to the caregiver - a process that requires infants to identify, learn, remember, and approach their attachment figure. Here we review the neurobiology of attachment in infant rats where learning about the caregiver is supported by a specialized attachment neural circuitry to promote the infant-caregiver relationship. Specifically, the attachme...