We have experimentally studied micrometer-scale domain wall (DW) motion driven by a magnetic field and an electric current in a Co/Pt multilayer strip with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The thermal activation energy for DW motion, along with its scaling with the driving field and current, has been extracted directly from the temperature dependence of the DW velocity. The injection of DC cu...

The nongyrotropy of newborn ions in solar wind plasmas is studied by means of one-dimensional electromagnetic hybrid computer simulations of homogeneous plasmas. It is found that, contrary to the previous theory of nongyrotropy, the homogeneous injections of newborn ions can also produce the nongyrotropy of newborn ions (partial nongyrotropy). However, the inhomogeneous injections of newborn io...

The terahertz conductivity of photoinduced charge carriers in two common polytypes of silicon carbide, 3CSiC and 6H-SiC, is studied on picosecond timescales using an optical-pump/ THz-probe technique. We find that the conductivity, measured from 0.7 to 3THz, is well described by the Drude model, and obtain a velocity relaxation time of 75 fs, independent of sample and charge-carrier density. In...

Development of a low-cost computer-based system for multi-point measurement of velocity and temperature has been completed. The principle is based on hot-wire anemometry. A typical probe consists of a cold thermistor for flow temperature detection and a hot thermistor for flow velocity detection. The later is selfheated by a thermal potentiometer circuit. The change in resistance of the thermis...

An optical flow method is applied to the study of several fusion plasma relevant issues, including plasma wall interactions. A multi-resolution coarse-to-fine procedure is used in order to cope with large displacements of objects between consecutive frames, characteristic of plasma images captured by JET fast visible camera. Occlusion modeling is also implemented. The method is able to provide ...

A t the impact of a plunging liquid jet with a receiving pool, air bubbles may be entrained if the impact velocity exceeds a critical velocity. New experiments were performed in a two-dimensional plunging jet. The ̄ ow conditions near the inception of air entrainment were investigated. Two mechanisms of air entrainment were visualized at low jet velocities: by elongated air cavity and by foam bu...

The sequence of massive star supernova types IIP (plateau light curve), IIL (linear light curve), IIb, IIn (narrow line), Ib, and Ic roughly represents a sequence of increasing mass loss during the stellar evolution. The mass loss affects the velocity distribution of the ejecta composition; in particular, only the IIP’s typically end up with H moving at low velocity. Radio and Xray observations...

In the hydraulic system, it is often that switch the control mode over from one to the other, such as from position to velocity or from velocity to force. In this paper, propose a flow calculation formula for the flow control valve in order to have an LPV system representation. Then, design gain scheduled controllers for the velocity and the force individually. During a switching mode, a contro...

The Hot Spot Temperature (HST) value depends on the ambient temperature, the rise in the top oil temperature (TOT) over the ambient temperature, and the rise in the winding HST over the top oil temperature. In this paper a new semi-physical model comprising of the environmental variables for the estimation of HST and loss of insulation life in transformer is proposed. The winding hot-spot tempe...

[1] We gathered seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection data from several active source experiments that occurred along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 35!N and constructed three-dimensional anisotropic tomographic images of the crust and upper mantle velocity structure and crustal thickness. The tomographic images reveal anomalously thick crust (8–9 km) and a low-velocity ‘‘bull’s-eye’’, from...