Transfer functions are fundamentals for direct volume rendering to visualize object through mapping optical properties to the voxel data values. One aspect of direct volume rendering which has received no attention in transfer function design is the use of voxel position in transfer functions. Often, there are features of interest in volume data that are visualized or not depending on their vox...

Among the agricultural important factors, inputs are the most significant in agricultural production. This article aimed to examine the impact of government subsidy policies on production of one of the most strategic products, namely on production of one of the most strategic products, namely maize, in Iran. To achieve this goal, panel data for the nine provinces of Iran's major producers of ma...

background & aim: energy is one of important debates in agriculture ecology and for this reason; the ratio of output and input energy in different agriculture ecosystems has been calculated. if one can reduce, input energy level into farms through the indices like poisons, fertilization, tractor energy and lab our force. in addition to the net income of the farmers, this issue would play a ...

In this paper, a family of weighted neighborhood sequence distance functions defined on the square grid is presented. With this distance function, the allowed weight between any two adjacent pixels along a path is given by a weight sequence. We build on our previous results, where only two or three unique weights are considered, and present a framework that allows any number of weights. We show...

Dempster-Shafer theory is widely applied in uncertainty modelling and knowledge reasoning due to its ability of expressing uncertain information. A distance between two basic probability assignments(BPAs) presents a measure of performance for identification algorithms based on the evidential theory of Dempster-Shafer. However, some conditions lead to limitations in practical application for Dem...

 This paper present unequal-sized facilities layout solutions generated by a genetic search program named LADEGA (Layout Design using a Genetic Algorithm). The generalized quadratic assignment problem requiring pre-determined distance and material flow matrices as the input data and the continuous plane model employing a dynamic distance measure and a material flow matrix are discussed. Computa...

We consider the problem of computing the discrete Fréchet distance between two polygonal curves when their vertices are imprecise. An imprecise point is given by a region and this point could lie anywhere within this region. By modelling imprecise points as balls in arbitrary fixed dimension, we present an algorithm for this problem that returns in time O(mn log(mn)) the Fréchet distance lower ...

Accessing and querying large motion databases can be a time consuming operation since motions are by essence big multivariate time series. However, with the help of good dimensionality reduction methods, this problem can be alleviated. Yet, it appears that the intitial motion representation space if of great importance with regards to the final performances. This paper advocates the idea that t...

This paper presents an experimental example based machine translation system for spoken German-English dialogs. The system consists of a syntactic analysis, a module for automatic alignment of sentence pairs, a translation module and a generation module. The translation module splits the input sentence into parts and finds the best translations for these parts using the sample corpus and a dist...

Motivated by the inverse problem for the Lemâıtre-Tolman-Bondi dust solution, in which problem the luminosity distance function DL(z) is taken as an input to select a specific model, we compute the function DL(z) of the LTB solution up to the third order of z. To perform the otherwise cumbersome computation, we introduce a new convenient form of the LTB solution, in which the solution is explic...