Dr. C. A. Blau, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, RG-25, Seattle, WA 98195 (USA) Dear Sir, In the recent letter by Salvati et al. [1], no induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) was observed in patients with chronic renal failure treated with erythropoietin (epo). We would like to propose that HbF induction was not observed for at least 3 reasons. First, re...

background: due to difficulty of obtaining a 24h urine (especially in children), a random urine calcium sample is recommended to detect of hypercalciuria. however, recent studies have shown that the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio varies with age and geographic areas. so, the aim of this study was determining the normal value of urinary calcium to creatinine ratio in healthy adolescent’s child...

We reviewed the outcome of 146 Insall-Burstein II total knee replacements carried out in 121 patients over a period of nearly four years in a general orthopaedic unit. At a mean follow-up of ten years, 94 knees in 78 patients were available for review. Six patients (7 knees) were lost to follow-up and 37 (45 knees) had died. The clinical outcome using the scoring system of the Hospital for Spec...

introduction emerging hypotheses suggest a causal role for prenatal androgen exposure in some cases of autism spectrum disorders (asd). the ratios of the lengths of the bones of the 2nd to the 4th digits (2d:4d) are purported to be markers for prenatal androgen exposure and to be established early in gestation. ratio of second and fourth digits (2d:4d)  is usually used as a proxy for prenatal t...

it is well-known that the behavior of soil-structure systems can be well described using a limited number of non-dimensional parameters. this is the outcome of researches based on the premise that the foundation is bonded to the ground. here, it is shown the concept can be extended to systems with foundation uplift. a set of non-dimensional parameters are introduced which controls the main feat...

Background The Insall-Burstein posterior-stabilized knee design was first developed in 1978 by adding a central cam mechanism to the articular surface geometry of total condylar prosthesis correct its problems being not “rolling back”. Since then, use (PS) implants arthroplasty (TKA) is becoming increasingly popular. However, one main disadvantages PS designs related amount bone removed during ...