Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive and safe technique for motor cortex stimulation. TMS is used to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders, including mood and movement disorders. TMS can also treat several types of chronic neuropathic pain. The pain relief mechanism of cortical stimulation is caused by modifications in neuronal excitability. Depression is a common co-...

The present study investigates sleep, mood, and the proposed bidirectional relationship between the two in psychiatric disorders. Participants with interepisode bipolar disorder (n = 49), insomnia (n = 34), and no psychiatric history (n = 52) completed seven consecutive days of sleep diaries and mood measures. The interepisode bipolar and insomnia participants exhibited greater sleep disturbanc...

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders are at risk of sleep problems, typically difficulty getting to sleep, sleep/wake rhythm disturbances and reduced duration of sleep (insomnia). This may be associated with abnormally timed or inadequate secretion of melatonin, a naturally-occurring hormone involved in coordinating the body's sleep-wake cycle. Previously, we reviewed the use of a melaton...

Research about sleep disorders in patients with chronic pain, particularly in FM patients, overlaps the concept of non restorative sleep. The restorative theory considers brain activity during sleep essential to restore body and mind [8,9]. As non restorative sleep is common in patients with organic sleep disorders, it has been considered a symptom of insomnia. Many studies have investigated th...

CONTEXT Distinctive diagnostic classification schemes for insomnia diagnoses are available, but the optimal insomnia nosology has yet to be determined. OBJECTIVES To test the reliability and validity of insomnia diagnoses listed in the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-IV-TR and the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, second edition (ICSD-2). DESIGN Multitrait-multimethod ...

Disorder-specific cognitive biases have been observed in children whose parents suffer from psychological disorders. Despite those same biases being observed in individuals with insomnia, they have yet to be explored as an index of vulnerability in children of parents with insomnia. It was hypothesized that potentially vulnerable children would demonstrate cognitive biases to sleep-related cues...

CHRONIC INSOMNIA IS THE MOST PREVALENT SLEEP DISORDER, AFFECTING AN ESTIMATED 10%-16% OF THE ADULT POPULATION, WITH AN ADDITIONAL 25% TO 35% having transient or occasional insomnia.1-3 Primary insomnia is estimated to have a prevalence of 1% to 2% in the general population, but accounts for as much as 25% of all chronic insomnia cases seen in clinical contexts.4 Insomnia generally does not reso...

Insomnia is a common complaint that can have significant daytime consequences. The prevalence of chronic insomnia may increase with age. The management of late-life insomnia can be complicated because aging is associated with normal changes in sleep structure, continuity, and timing, as well as a higher rate of medical and psychiatric disorders. A thorough evaluation and conceptualization of pa...