Information security threat assessment involves two aspects, namely, technology and management. A great amount of uncertainties exist in the assessment, which cannot be strictly quantized. Thus, the completely objective information security risk assessment is hard to realize. To this end, this research proposed an information security threat assessment model based on Bayesian Network (BN) and O...

Most currently employed Integrated Assessment Models for climate change are of a dynastic nature. They employ the Ramsey rule linking the interest rate, economic growth, and the rate of pure time preference. This paper argues that, although a dynastic framework might be convenient for economic analysis, it is restrictive and can be misleading. Overlapping Generations models, which do not employ...

background and objectives: evaluating the performance of clinical units is critical for effective managementof health settings. certain assessment of clinical variables for performance analysis is not always possible,calling for use of uncertainty theory. this study aimed to develop and evaluate an integrated independentcomponent analysis-fuzzy-data envelopment analysis approach to accurate the...

Competing in an increasingly uncertain business environment, organizations need to mitigate its supply chain risks to enhance their resiliency. However, it is important to implement appropriate strategies to meet business needs. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates fuzzy risk assessment and fuzzy Delphi for the evaluation of strategies in order to mitigate supply chain risks. Th...

abstract   background: due to the high incidence of breast cancer and the effect of its early diagnosis on decreasing morbidity and mortality, we used the gail model to study breast cancer risk in iranian women.   methods: this study was done in a simple randomized way. participants were 2000 iranian women older than 35 years old. the questionnaire consisted of demographic data such as age, rac...

In the past, water resources in Australia have been over-allocated and this has led to the implementation of water reforms. An integrated assessment project is underway in the Namoi Catchment, located in New South Wales, Australia, that aims to assess the social, economic and ecological impacts of reductions in water allocations under current and future environmental conditions. Surface and gro...

Methodological tools such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Exergy Analysis (ExA), and Emergy (EmA) that account for sustainability indicators in environmental, economic, and/or social dimensions, cannot provide an assessment under these three dimensions a robust way by themselves. This research is proposing framework to obtain unified performance metric (Integrated Sustainability Index, ISI) ass...

This paper reviews two commonly used risk assessment tools, namely weighted scores and expected value. The limitations of weighted scores have been outlined. One of the more difficult aspects of the expected value method is to determine the probability of an event. A probabilistic modeling environment called belief networks, has been proposed as an effective means of modeling the situation. An ...

BACKGROUND The compressed curriculum in modern knowledge-intensive medicine demands useful tools to achieve approved learning aims in a limited space of time. Web-based learning can be used in different ways to enhance learning. Little is however known regarding its optimal utilisation. Our aim was to investigate if the individual learning styles of medical students influence the choice to use ...

Integrated Assessment Modelling in the field of air pollution has advanced greatly since the 1985 Helsinki Protocol on the reduction of Sulphur emissions and their transboundary fluxes. With subsequent protocols and increased understanding of the inter-relationships between local air quality, transboundary air pollution and climate change, a variety of spatio-temporal issues must be addressed i...