The Shwartzman reaction is elicited by two injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. The priming LPS injection is given in the footpad, whereas the lethal LPS challenge is given intravenously 24 h later. The injection of interferon 3, (IFN-'y) or interleukin 12 (IL-12) instead of the LPS priming injection induced the lethal reaction in mice further challenged with LPS. Antibodies against ...

A 3-yr-old female patient exhibited interleukin 12 (IL-12) deficiency that was associated with recurrent episodes of pneumococcal pneumonia with sepsis and other infections in the absence of fevers. The patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exhibited normal proliferative responses to antigens. Immune responses, including in vivo production of antibodies to diphtheria, tetanus, or...

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a key cytokine in the development of T helper type 1 (Th1) cell polarization, and its production of IL-12 is redundantly regulated. An important pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-12 has been shown to have potent immunomodulatory, antitumor, and anti-infection activity in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, following a series of promising results from preclinical animal models ex...

Cytokines are important mediators of stroke-induced immunological/inflammatory reaction which contributes to brain infarct progression as well as to the disease severity and outcome. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of the proinflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) in serum of acute ischemic stroke patients, and to investigate the relation between these ...

Electrogene therapy combines administration of plasmid DNA into tissue followed by local application of electric pulses. In electrogene therapy with interleukin-12 (IL-12), different routes of administration, different doses of plasmid DNA and different protocols for delivery of electric pulses were evaluated in numerous preclinical studies. Antitumor effectiveness was tested in different types...

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a recently described iminunoregulatory cyto kine with potent therapeutic activity in various preclinical models of infectious or malignant disease. As part of our ongoing evaluation of potential mechanisms accounting for the potent antitumor activity of IL-12,wehaveinvestigatedtheinfluenceof IL-12administrationontotal serum nitrate/nitrite (NO@)levels and the productio...

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric protein, first recovered from EBV-transformed B cell lines. It is a multifunctional cytokine, the properties of which bridge innate and adaptive immunity, acting as a key regulator of cell-mediated immune responses through the induction of T helper 1 differentiation. By promoting IFN-gamma production, proliferation, and cytolytic activity of natural kil...

T-lymphocytes (LYs) from normal and IFN-g knockout mice were activated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies and cultured in inserts in the presence of interleukin (IL)-12 (IL-12-activated LYs) or not (activated LYs). Their ability to modulate the genetic programs of two tumor lines growing at the bottom of transwells was evaluated. cDNA gene expression array, reverse transcription-PCR, and prot...