The cytochrome P-450 mediated activation of paracetamol (PAR) to the reactive electrophilic intermediate N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) has been studied by use of SV 6-31G ab initio energy calculations and spin distributions. A simplified model for cytochrome P-450 has been used by substituting the proposed biologically active ferric-oxene state of cytochrome P-450 by a singlet oxygen at...

A combination of continuum electrostatic and density functional calculations has been employed to study the mechanism of the B(12)-independent glycerol dehydratase, a novel glycyl-radical enzyme involved in the microbial conversion of glycerol to 3-hydroxylpropionaldehyde. The calculations indicate that the dehydratation of glycerol by the B(12)-independent enzyme does not need to involve a mec...

OBJECTIVE In this study, we examine the oncologic outcomes of men with low, intermediate and high preoperative risk for prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy prior to and during the active surveillance era. METHODS We analyzed records from patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at our Canadian tertiary care facility from 2000 to 2012. Patients were stratified by D'Amico pre...

The vocalizations of primates contain information about speaker individuality. Many primates, including humans, are able to distinguish conspecifics based solely on vocalizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acoustic characteristics used by Japanese macaques in individual vocal discrimination. Furthermore, we tested human subjects using monkey vocalizations to evaluate spec...

Intramolecular tin and sulfur mediated free-radical cyclizations between an aryl isonitfile and a pendant TMSsubstituted alkyne give 2,3-disubstituted indoles from 5-exo-dig cyclization and nucleophilic trapping of the resulting indolenine intermediate. © 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All fights reserved. In spite of the fact that Fischer first described their synthesis some 115 years ago, 1 the g...

These experiments study the preparation of and product channels resulting from OCH(2)CHCH(2), a key radical intermediate in the O+allyl bimolecular reaction. The data include velocity map imaging and molecular beam scattering results to probe the photolytic generation of the radical intermediate and the subsequent pathways by which the radicals access the energetically allowed product channels ...

The LCuBr-catalyzed C-H imidation of arenes by N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI), previously reported by us, utilizes an inexpensive catalyst and is applicable to a broad scope of complex arenes. The computational and experimental study reported here shows that the mechanism of the reaction is comprised of two parts: (1) generation of the active dinuclear CuII-CuII catalyst; and (2) the catalyt...

Ascorbic acid is a well-known antioxidant and radical scavenger. It can be oxidized by losing two protons and two electrons, but normally loses only one electron at a time. The reactivity of the ascorbate radical is unusual, in that it can either disproportionate or react with other radicals, but it reacts poorly with non-radical species. To explore the oxidation mechanism of ascorbic acid, the...

The systematic oxidation reactions of a wide range of alcohols have been carried out by using an iron porphyrin complex in order to understand their relation to cytochrome P-450 enzymes and to have a practical application to organic synthesis. The iron porphyrin complex catalyzed efficiently alcohol oxidation to the respective carbonyl compound via a high-valent iron-oxo porphyrin intermediate ...