in patients requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg), usually at least one of the internal mammary arteries is used. this study evaluates the degree of atherosclerotic involvement of the internal mammary artery (ima) in patients undergoing cabg. during two months period, 79 patients (66 male and 13 female with a medium age of 58 years) undergoing myocardial revascularization had a biops...

infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) belongs to the group of gamma coronaviruses along with other avian coronaviruses. the disease caused by ibv can appear similar to infectious laryngotracheitis, avian influenza, and velogenic newcastle disease, which are high priority diseases. the clinical signs can be accompanied by mortalities in broiler chickens and reduced eggshell and albumin quality in la...

introduction: the secondary genetic changes other than the pml-rara fusion gene may contribute to the acute promyelocytic leukemogenesis. chromosomal alterations and mutation of flt3 tyrosine kinase receptor are the frequent genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (aml). however, the prognostic significance of flt3 mutations in acute promyelocytic leukemia (apl) is not firmly established....

Understanding anatomical variations can help physicians achieve better results in clinical practice. During routine dissection, we found variations in the branches of Internal Iliac Artery (IIA) of a 65-year-old Iranian female cadaver. The IIA ended by dividing to an unusual smaller anterior and a greater posterior trunk which was branched to the inferior gluteal arteries. Both pelvis and the u...

BACKGROUND The Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation (OSCE) has been considered a reliable method for the evaluation of students' clinical skills in health sciences, but it has been rarely applied in the teaching of physical therapy. OBJECTIVE To assess the use of the OSCE as a tool to evaluate the abilities of undergraduate chest physical therapy students and to verify the internal consis...