BACKGROUND Future population growth will take place predominantly in cities of the developing world. The impact of urbanization on health is discussed controversially. We review recent research on urban-rural and intra-urban health differences in developing countries and investigate whether a health advantage was found for urban areas. METHODS We systematically searched the databases JSTOR, P...

The spatial and temporal differences of climate, urban heat island and future conditions were assessed for Stuttgart, a city located in complex topography in Southwest Germany. The present and future urban climate conditions were analysed using hourly measured data from 2000 to 2011 of 5 measuring stations and data from regional climate simulations. The urban heat island intensity was quantifie...

Climate change will worsen the high levels of urban vulnerability in Latin American cities due to specific environmental stressors. Some impacts of climate change, such as high temperatures in urban environments, have not yet been addressed through adaptation strategies, which are based on poorly supported data. These impacts remain outside the scope of urban planning. New spatially explicit ap...

Detecting regional spatial structures based on spatial interactions is crucial in applications ranging from urban planning to traffic control. In the big data era, various movement trajectories are available for studying spatial structures. This research uses large scale Shanghai taxi trip data extracted from GPS-enabled taxi trajectories to reveal traffic flow patterns and urban structure of t...

The city of Johannesburg contains over 10 million trees and is often referred to as an urban forest. The intra-urban spatial variability of the levels of vegetation across Johannesburg’s residential regions has an influence on the urban heat island effect within the city. Residential areas with high levels of vegetation benefit from cooling due to evapo-transpirative processes and thus exhibit ...

Recent decades have seen an expanding literature exploring urban energy and material flows, loosely branded as urban metabolism analysis. However, this has occurred largely in parallel to the mainstream studies of cities as ecosystems. This paper aims to conceptually bridge these two distinctive fields of research, by (a) identifying the common aspects between them; (b) identifying key characte...

This paper describes the mobility patterns, rural-urban linkages and household structures for a low-income neighbourhood on the outskirts of Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and a rural settlement 60 kilometres away. Drawing on interviews with a sample of mothers resident in each location, it documents their perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of rural and urban life, and shows the conti...

no doubt, given the direct impact of information technology on reducing costs, increasing welfare, economic growth and increasing of employment, have the importance of expanding it’s no secret in iran. the facilities influenced by the growing use of information technology, on the one hand, due to the reduction of urban and inter-urban journeys, reduce air pollution and on the other hand, provid...

Mobility plays a crucial role in joining activity's locations to each other, enabling social contact, and facilitating the movement of people goods from various locations. This study investigates mobility characteristics peri-urban communities selected cities Southwest Nigeria. We 505 respondents 11 for questionnaire survey using stratified sampling technique. The data were summarised frequency...