Investigators from the Ohio State University, Oregon Health and Science University and Rosalind Franklin School of Medicine examined the presenting manifestations, demographics and treatment strategies in children enrolled in the Intracranial Hypertension Registry (IHR).

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Intracranial hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from fulminant hepatic failure. The etiology of this intracranial hypertension is not fully determined, and is probably multifactorial, combining a cytotoxic brain edema due to the astrocytic accumulation of glutamine, and an increase in cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, in part due to infla...

Although the cause of IIH remains obscure, loss of visual function is common, and patients may progress to blindness. Diagnosis should adhere to the modified Dandy criteria. Recent case-control studies cast doubt on the validity of many frequently cited conditions associated with IIH. Valid associations include obesity, recent weight gain, female sex, vitamin A intoxication, and steroid withdra...

The case of a young woman who suffered from benign intracranial hypertension is described. The clinical history, examination and investigations indicated no cause for her disease, other than obesity. Treatment with corticosteroids prolonged her symptoms and signs, and she only responded to repeated lumbar puncture after dexamethasone was stopped. The lesson we learned was that corticosteroids s...

The authors correlated the computed tomographic (CT) findings and intracranial pressure (ICP) in 150 consecutive comatose head injury patients to determine if noninvasive CT can help identify the patients not requiring ICP monitoring. The study reveals that a majority of patients (55%) with hemorrhagic lesions shown by CT suffer from intracranial hypertension and require ICP monitoring for prop...

Hypothalamic-hypophyseal insufficiency has been found in seven of eight patients with so-called benign intracranial hypertension, of whom four showed an inadequate adrenal response to stress. The syndrome of benign intracranial hypertension cannot therefore be considered entirely benign and patients should receive full endocrinological assessment and follow up.