33 CHAOS T he P2P revolution promises freedom from boundaries, censorship, and centralized control. P2P proponents claim the vast untapped resource of personal computers owned by ordinary people can be combined together to build something greater and more reliable than the sum of its parts. Each participating computer or node in a P2P system is called a " peer, " meaning that participants inter...

Purpose The paper discusses the new concept of ‘Multinational Investment Projects’ (MIPs) and its application in the context of international business operations in China. The petrochemical industry in China is used as the industrial context in which we investigate the interplay between the Chinese government, which encourages growth and investment activities in the sector, and the multinationa...

Abstract This article examines the role played by philanthrocapitalist foundations in impact investing for international development, focusing on covid -19 Vaccines Global Access Initiative ( covax ) as a response to current pandemic. Philanthrocapitalists and development institutions are increasingly turning “blended finance” “social bonds” address gaps funding required meet global agendas, pa...

This paper studies the effects of bank capital requirements imposed by European authorities in October 2011 on loan collateral and personal guarantees usage to enhance ratios. We use detailed information contracts granted a representative Spanish several subsidiaries nonfinancial corporations around that date. document increases more than collateral, especially at with lower However, although f...

We provide new evidence on how deposit funding affects bank lending. For identification, we exploit the 2011 reform of investment income tax in Italy that induced households to substitute bonds with deposits. find banks larger increases deposits expand supply credit lines and long-term low-risk firms. Additional indicates these results are consistent theories emphasizing demandable nature contr...