Two stage random digit dialing procedures as developed by Mitofsky and elaborated by Waksberg are widely used in telephone sampling of the U.S. household population. Current alternative approaches have, relative to this procedure, coverage and cost deficiencies. These deficiencies are addressed through telephone sample designs which use listed number information to improve the cost-efficiency o...

Background The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of substance abuse among students of selected schools of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among students in five schools of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2014. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire which was designed by the researcher. Questionnaires were...

The experiments were conducted for monitoring crop area by spatial sampling methods in a winter wheat main production region with a size of 42Km×42Km in Hengshui City, Hebei Province in China to optimize designs of the frameworks and elements (sample size, sample-square dimension), based on Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques. 5 sample-square dimension level...

The paper presents a model that extends the stochastic finite element method to the modelling of transitional energetic–statistical size effect in unnotched quasibrittle structures of positive geometry (i.e. failing at the start of macro-crack growth), and to the low probability tail of structural strength distribution, important for safe design. For small structures, the model captures the ene...

Producing large enough quantities of high-quality transcriptions for accurate and reliable evaluation of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system can be costly. It is therefore desirable to minimize the manual transcription work for producing metrics with an agreed precision. In this paper we demonstrate how to improve ASR evaluation precision using stratified sampling. We show that by alte...

According to the statistical random sampling method, estimation has been taken confidence interval into account in statistics due to the unknown probability for the deviations of point estimate. In terms of fuzziness or vagueness, confidence interval is defined as a range of numerical values, not a single value, so we have to discover an estimate for that interval at first. Based on the above-m...

A comparison is made between the variance of the estimator of the total of a variable obtained from both a simple and a stratified random sampling, in which the sample sizes of some strata are equal to the stratum population size. It is shown that in this case, the advantage of the stratified sample could depend on the sample size. The paper presents inequalities that determine, as a function o...

BACKGROUND One of the main challenges of healthcare systems of developing countries is health inequality. Health inequality means inequality in individuals' ability and proper functioning, resulting in inequality in social status and living conditions, which thwarts social interventions implemented by the government. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine and prioritize the social determina...

to estimate population density of the cabbage aphid, brevicoryne brassicae (l.), a stratified random sampling was conducted in two unsprayed canola fields in isfahan (central iran) during 2011-2012. population density was determined for apterous, and alates, as well as the total population, at two plant growth phases (pgp1: from plant emergence to the end of rosette, and pgp2: from the beginnin...

due to the increasing number of telegram social network users in iran especially among the young and educated people, it seems that the study of use of such networks is important particularly in educational activities. given the importance of the issue, the purpose of this descriptive- correlative research was to study the factors affecting students’ intention to use telegram social network in ...