Foreign language enjoyment and speaking anxiety in the classroom are two potential emotion-inducing factors for foreign language learning. This sequential mixed methods study investigated whether and to what extent Iranian EFL students experienced foreign language enjoyment and public speaking anxiety in their English classrooms, and how they characterize the sources of the enjoyment and speaki...

A central belief of the learning sciences is that learning is situated within communities of practice. This paper demonstrates a method for modeling learning within an online discourse community as two intersecting phenomena: members’ trajectories of participation and change in the community’s language norms. Using the word2vec algorithm, a language model is trained on 12 million comments over ...

This review surveys research on second language vocabulary teaching and learning since1999. It first considers the distinction between incidental and intentional vocabulary learning.Although learners certainly acquire word knowledge incidentally while engaged in variouslanguage learning activities, more direct and systematic study of vocabulary is also required.There is a discussion of how word...

the belief that output practice is crucial in l2 learning affects foreign language teaching methodology. and researchers have endeavored to find the best ways to encourage learners to produce and practice whatever they hear as an input in the process of learning. moreover, learning styles and the importance of matching learners’ styles with those of teachers inspired the researchers to investig...

learner autonomy has become the area of interest by many researchers of foreign language learning in the recent years. however, few studies have been done concerning the case of kurdish learners` autonomy in learning languages. for this reason, the current study addresses this gap. it intends to investigate to what extent kurdish learners are autonomous in learning english language. the study i...

over the recent years, the study of language learning strategies has received much attention worldwide in general, and in iran in particular. many scholars have tried to investigate the function of language learning strategies in efl learning and teaching. not enough attention, however, has been paid to language skills, especially speaking skill, in iran. therefore, the present study aimed at s...

BACKGROUND During the last decades, global migration has increased and many immigrant groups have a higher prevalence than the native born population of several cardiovascular disease risk factors, including poor dietary habits. However, it is uncertain if dietary habits in immigrant populations reflect dietary habits in their country of origin or if the current diet is a consequence of the mig...