In a quantitative genetic investigation of seven clinical tests, five pairs were significantly correlated: (1) cover test measures and corneal power, (2) corneal power and divergence recovery points, (3) convergence and divergence recovery points, (4) divergence break and recovery points, and (5) convergence break and recovery points. Common genes may account entirely for the gene influence on ...

BACKGROUND To compare the rate of exodrift after a second surgery for recurrent exotropia, in patients grouped to fast versus slow exodrift after their first surgery. To determine whether there is a correlation with surgical outcome, and to evaluate the factors associated with fast exodrift. METHODS Patients with recurrent intermittent exotropia, who underwent contralateral lateral rectus rec...

Recent studies have implicated exotropia as a risk factor for schizophrenia. We determined whether schizophrenia biomarkers have abnormal levels of expression in extraocular muscles from patients with strabismus and explored whether differences in gene expression between medial and lateral rectus muscles may explain the specific association of schizophrenia with exotropia but not esotropia. Sam...

PURPOSE To compare the postoperative results of adjustable-suture strabismus surgery when suture adjustment was performed 8 hours (group 1) and 24 hours (group 2) after surgery. METHODS A retrospective clinical study was conducted in two hospitals. Strabismus surgery and muscle adjustment were performed in 90 patients. All patients had horizontal strabismus (40 patients had esotropia and 50 p...

Purpose To report the presenting signs of retinoblastoma in a large cohort patients who underwent orthoptic assessment at presentation. Methods A retrospective medical chart review was conducted on 131 with presented consecutively to single institution during 6-year period. The main outcome measure sign(s) disease. Results Of retinoblastoma, 88 unilateral disease and 43 bilateral (mean ages: 22...

Introduction: Amblyopia significantly contributes to low vision and blindness in adults an Indonesian rural setting. The treatment of amblyopia, particularly anisometropic and/or strabismic has long been challenging for many clinicians. This study aims report a promising result refractive correction, occlusion therapy, oral citicoline on mixed amblyopia with optic nerve hypoplasia adult patient...

To the Editors: I read with interest the article, “Analysis of Risk Factors for Consecutive Exotropia and Review of the Literature” by Yurdakul and Ugurlu.1 The authors are to be congratulated in documenting their findings of increased risk factors for the development of consecutive exotropia such as anisometropia, amblyopia, and postoperative adduction defects. The authors reported that “no at...

In this report, we describe the management of a child with bilateral cataract, nystagmus, and comitant sensory esotropia. Routine ultrasonography done before cataract surgery revealed bilateral disc edema confirmed as idiopathic intracranial hypertension by a pediatric neurologist. The primary intervention for cataract surgery was followed by nonresolving papilledema, despite maximum medical th...