Cardiac ischemia and angina pectoris are commonly experienced during exertion in a cold environment. In the current study we tested the hypotheses that oropharyngeal afferent blockade (i.e., local anesthesia of the upper airway with lidocaine) as well as systemic β-adrenergic receptor blockade (i.e., intravenous propranolol) would improve the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand ...

elevation. Am J Med 49:459-464, 1970 16 Kitamura K, Jorgenson CR, Gobel FL, et al: Hemodynamic correlates of myocardial oxygen consumption dur ing upright exercise. J Appi Physiol 32:516-522, 1972 17 Maroko PR, Kjekshus JK, Sobel BE, et al: Factors in fluencing infarcìsize following experimental coronary artery occlusions. Circulation 43:67-82, 1971 18 Braunwald E, Sarnoff SJ, Case RB, et al: ...

INTRODUCTION Hypertension is a major risk factor contributing to cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of deaths worldwide. Although antihypertensive medications are effective at controlling blood pressure, current first-line treatment for hypertension is nonpharmacological lifestyle modifications. Recent studies indicate that isometric resistance training (IRT) may also be effe...

In general, cardiac regulation is dominated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in men and women, respectively. Our recent study had revealed sex differences in the forebrain network associated with sympathoexcitatory response to baroreceptor unloading. The present study further examined the sex differences in forebrain modulation of cardiovagal response at the onset of isome...

It is not known whether the contribution of the muscle metaboreflex to the cardiovascular response to isometric exercise varies between different muscles in patients with CHF (chronic heart failure) or whether this depends upon muscle fibre type and training status. To resolve these issues BP (blood pressure) and HR (heart rate) responses were recorded in seven stable CHF patients (ejection fra...

BACKGROUND In the past, isometric exercises were proscribed for heart disease. However, recent evidence suggests that an isometric handgrip training (IHT) protocol - four sets of two minutes at 30% of maximum strength - produces favorable effects on the autonomic modulation and reduces resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. OBJECTIVE Aiming at obtaining support for broad c...

There are conflicting reports for the role of endogenous opioids on sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to exercise in humans. A number of studies have utilized naloxone (an opioid-receptor antagonist) to investigate the effect of opioids during exercise. In the present study, we examined the effect of morphine (an opioid-receptor agonist) on sympathetic and cardiovascular responses at res...

The relationship between handgrip isometric strength and swimming performance was assessed in the four competitive swimming strokes in swimmers of different age groups and of both sexes. 78 national-level Portuguese swimmers (39 males, 39 females) were selected for this study. Grip strength, previously used as a marker of overall strength to predict future swimming performance, was measured usi...