BACKGROUND Injury of the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament (ITCL) has been recognized as a cause of subtalar instability, though lack of an accepted clinical test has limited the ability of clinicians to reliably make the diagnosis. Clinical effects of ITCL failure remain unclear because of insufficient understanding of the role of the ligament. METHODS Load-displacement characteristics of ...

Computed tomographic (CT) scans and plain radiographs of 21 patients with surgically treated fractures or dislocations of the cervical spine were reviewed. CT effectively demonstrated the locked or perched facets and half of the 13 articular pillar fractures. The fracture lines through the articular pillar were difficult to detect in some cases or to distinguish from a facet joint in others. Ho...

BACKGROUND In the reconstruction of the affected limb in pediatric malignant bone tumors, since the loss of joint function affects limb-length discrepancy expected in the future, reconstruction methods that not only maximally preserve the joint function but also maintain good limb function are necessary. We analysis limb function of reconstruction methods by tumor location following resection o...

Post-traumatic ankle arthritis can be a very disabling condition especially in young patients. Localization of the pain is important to allow appropriate treatment. Non-surgical treatment options include anti-inflammatory medications and use of bracing. Multiple surgical options range from joint sparing procedures for the younger patient to total ankle replacement for the older, less active pat...

The techniques of craniovertebral region stabilization introduced and used by the senior author over the last 20 years are summarized. The lateral masses of atlas and axis are strong and largely cancellous in nature and can be used for direct implantation of screws. Opening up of the joint and placement of bone graft within the joint stabilizes the region and provides a large area for bone fusi...

This essay answers the question of why autistic children are less likely to initiate joint attention (e.g., use their index finger to point to indicate interest in something) and why they are less likely to respond to bids for their joint attention (e.g., turn their heads to look at something to which another person points). It reviews empirical evidence that autistic toddlers, children, adoles...

Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis (MDO) is now the preferred procedure to alleviate airway obstruction in infants with severe Robin Sequence (RS). However, there have been very few studies investigating complications related MDO surgery performed on patients affected by isolated RS. In this study, age at distraction, weight preoperative intubation, repeat and associated were included as varia...

Objective The objective of this study was to describe the initial stage of a generalized theory of high-velocity, low-amplitude thrust (HVLAT) techniques for joint manipulation. Methods This study examined the movements described by authors from the fields of osteopathy, chiropractic, and physical therapy to produce joint cavitation in both the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and the cervical...

background burn dressings, debridement, surgical incisions, skin grafting and physical therapy are some of painful treatments of burn. according to the studies, distraction techniques have a significant effect on patients’ pain. the present study was designed and conducted to determine the effect of distraction on pain of dressing change in second degree burn in 3-6 year-old children. materials...