BACKGROUND The U.S Congress initiated sanctions against Iran after the 1979 U.S. Embassy hostage crisis in Tehran, and since then the scope of multilateral sanctions imposed by the United States, the European Union, and the United Nations Security Council have progressively expanded throughout the intervening years. Though primarily targeted at Iran's nuclear proliferation activities, sanctions...

The Syrian civil war which broke out in March 2011 further destabilized the Middle East general and Levant particular. From among many implications of this conflict such as deaths more than 400,000 civilians refugee crisis, it caused heavy involvement regional (such Islamic Republic Iran, GCC states, Jordan, Turkey) trans-regional (the United States, Russia, European countries) actors. Iran has...

The present nuclear leakage crisis from Japan is a topic to be discussed in present public health. In radiology, the leaked radioactive elements are considered hazard. Here, the author briefly reviews and discusses on two important radio-hazard elements in post nuclear power plant crisis, radioactive iodine and radioactive cesium. Based on previous similar nuclear crisis in Russia, it ...

BACKGROUND Presuming that tobacco taxes, levied both as import duties and ad valorem, would financially benefit the Iranian Government, such the introduction of a highly desired US product to the market would be antithetical to the sanctions regime currently in place. METHODS This paper as a systematic review and documents through Pubmed and webs seeks to understand the politician economy imp...