Integrins of the beta 1 family play a central role in controlling adhesion and terminal differentiation within the epidermis. When human epidermal keratinocytes undergo terminal differentiation, intracellular transport of newly synthesized integrins is inhibited, and mature receptors are lost from the cell surface. We have examined the mechanisms underlying these processes, using an experimenta...

Human papilloma virus 16 (HPV16) is considered to be the causative agent for cervical cancer, which ranks second to breast cancer in women's malignancies. In an attempt to develop drugs that inhibit the malignant transformation of HPV16-immortalized epithelial cells, we examined the effect of tyrphostins on such cells. We examined the effect of tyrphostins from four different families on the gr...

Human embryonic stem (hES) cells can generate cells expressing p63, K14, and involucrin, which have been proposed to be keratinocytes. Although these hES-derived, keratinocyte-like (hESderK) cells form epithelioid colonies when cultured in a fibroblast feeder system optimal for normal tissue-derived keratinocytes, they have a very short replicative lifespan unless engineered to express HPV16 E6...

Modern cell biology is on the verge of answering Weiss's question. Recent studies have identified the adhesion systems that participate in 'bobbins' (i.e., hemidesmosomes) and the changes in adhesion receptors that can account for keratinocyte activation, that is, the transition of keratinocytes from a sedentary to migratory lifestyle. In this commentary, I will review some of the recent resear...

OTULIN is a deubiquitinase that specifically cleaves linear ubiquitin chains. We demonstrate ablation of selectively in keratinocytes, results the appearance inflammatory skin lesions develop into verrucous carcinomas. Genetic TNFR1, knockin expression kinase-inactive RIPK1 or keratinocyte-specific deletion FADD and MLKL completely rescues mice with deficiency from dermatitis tumorigenesis, ide...

Keratinocyte attachment to fibronectin (FN) substrata was inhibited by the peptide Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Cys, but not by the variant peptide Gly-Arg-Gly-Glu-Ser-Pro. The RGDS-containing peptide did not inhibit keratinocyte adhesion to collagen. Keratinocyte adhesion to FN substrata also was inhibited by polyclonal anti-FN receptor antibodies originally prepared against the 140-kD FN receptors...

Ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) is an environmental complete carcinogen, which induces and promotes keratinocyte carcinomas, the most common human malignancies. UVB formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). Repairing CPDs through nucleotide excision repair slow error-prone in placental mammals. In addition to mutagenic malignancy-inducing effects, also elicits poorly understood complex m...

When suspended in methylcellulose, primary mouse keratinocytes cease proliferation and differentiate. Suspension also reduces the activity of the cyclindependent kinase cdk2, an important cell cycle regulatory enzyme. To determine how suspension modulates these events, we examined its effects on wild-type keratinocytes and keratinocytes nullizygous for the cdk2 inhibitor p21. After suspension o...

The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of ethanol extracts from Lindera coreana leaves (LCE) on UVB-induced oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes. The HaCaT cells were pretreated with LCE for 24 h and then exposed to UVB (20 mJ/cm2) for 2 h. UVB significantly decreased the cell viability (p

Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) increases melanogenesis and protects from UV-induced DNA damage. However, its effect on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is unknown. We have addressed this issue in a pilot study using human epidermal keratinocytes and melanocytes incubated with alpha-MSH and irradiated with UVB. Real-time touchdown PCR was used to quantify total and deleted mtDN...