Clock genes Cryptochrome (Cry1) and Cry2 are essential for expression of circadian rhythms in mice under constant darkness (DD). However, circadian rhythms in clock gene Per1 expression or clock protein PER2 are detected in the cultured suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of neonatal Cry1 and Cry2 double deficient (Cry1 (-/-)/Cry2 (-/-)) mice. A lack of circadian rhythms in adult Cry1 (-/-)/Cry2 (-/-...

The determination of the fuel ion ratio n(t)/n(d) in ITER is required at a precision of 20%, time resolution of 100 ms, spatial resolution of a/10, and over a range of 0.01<n(T)/n(D)<10. We use simplified but realistic Monte Carlo models of ITER to assess the possibility to use neutron emission spectroscopy (NES) for such measurements. We show that NES meets the requirements for ion temperature...

We present, in this study, mechanistic and kinetic accounts of the formation of dibenzofuran (DF), dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) and their hydroxylated derivatives (OHs-DF/OHs-DD) from the catechol (CT) molecule, as a model compound for phenolic constituents in biomass. Self-condensation of two CT molecules produces predominantly a DD molecule via open- and closed-shell corridors. Coupling modes involv...

A transition from constant light (LL) to constant darkness (DD) will reset the circadian rhythms of most organisms to a phase that normally occurs near dusk. We tested the circadian oscillator in the Aplysia eye for this property. The test was run in vitro under two conditions. Using the two eyes of a single animal, one eye was left attached to the cerebral ganglion by its intact optic nerve an...

Citation: Chou H, Pathmasiri W, Deese-spruill J, Sumner SJ, Jima DD, Funk DH, Jackson JK, Sweeney BW and Buchwalter DB (2018) The Good, the Bad, and the Lethal: Gene Expression and Metabolomics Reveal Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Chronic Thermal Effects in Mayfly Larvae (Neocloeon triangulifer). Front. Ecol. Evol. 6:27. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2018.00027 The Good, the Bad, and the Lethal: Gene...

Aerobic power (VO2max), aerobic capacity (RCP), and running efficiency (RE) are important markers of aerobic fitness. However, the influence of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphism on these markers has not been investigated in healthy individuals. One hundred and fifty physically active young men (age 25 ± 3 years; height 1.77 ± 0.06 m; body mass 76.6 ± 0.9 kg; VO2max 47.7 ± 5.5...

Dopamine (DA) is believed to play a fundamental role in reward processes. Virtually all drugs of abuse activate dopaminergic systems, as do "natural" rewards such as sexual interaction and food. Sweet-tasting solutions, for example, are a well characterized natural reward. In the present experiments, we used mice that cannot make DA (DD mice) to test the hypothesis that DA is necessary for rewa...

Subcutaneous sarcoidosis (also known as 'Darier-Roussy sarcoid') is a cutaneous condition characterized by numerous deep-seated nodules on the trunk and extremities. Coexistence of sarcoidosis and breast cancer are reported in the literature, but there will always be a chance of misdiagnosis. It is very crucial to obtain a tissue diagnosis of suspicious metastatic lesions. We report a case of b...

South American subterranean rodents (Ctenomys aff. knighti), commonly known as tuco-tucos, display nocturnal, wheel-running behavior under light-dark (LD) conditions, and free-running periods >24 h in constant darkness (DD). However, several reports in the field suggested that a substantial amount of activity occurs during daylight hours, leading us to question whether circadian entrainment in ...

Chitosan was obtained from the alkaline N-deacetylation of -chitin, derived from shrimp shells (SS) collected from the Moroccan coast. Effects of temperature, NaOH concentration and reaction time on the kinetics of deacetylation were studied. The degree of deacetylation (DD = 75%) was obtained at T = 120 °C and CNaOH = 12N in a single step for 6h. It was found, from FTIR studies, that the remo...