Total liquid ventilation can support gas exchange in animal models of lung injury. Clinical application awaits further technical improvements and performance verification. Our aim was to develop a liquid ventilator, able to deliver accurate tidal volumes, and a computerized system for measuring lung mechanics. The computer-assisted, piston-driven respirator controlled ventilatory parameters tha...

Understanding the kinetics of gas hydrate formation is essential to model and predict the hydrate formation (or dissociation) process. In the present paper, we investigated the formation of pure propane gas hydrate as a former gas. In this regard, several experiments were conducted to measure the rate of hydrate formation under various pressures (410 to 510 kPa) and temperatures (274 K to 277 K...

Water loss in low permeability reservoirs during hydraulic fracturing well completions typically results in a decrease in natural gas production due to capillary trapping near the fractures. Shale gas reservoirs, however, have shown a trend of improved gas production with increased loss of completion fluids to the shale. This nonintuitive relationship between water imbibition and enhanced gas p...

Natural gas is the most popular fossil fuel in the current era and future as well. Natural gas is existed in underground reservoirs so it may contain many of non-hydrocarbon components for instance, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and water vapor. These impurities are undesirable compounds and cause several technical problems for example, corrosion and environment pollution. Therefore, these impurit...

The internal flow circulation dynamics of a liquid drop moving in a co- or counter-flowing gas stream has been numerically studied. The present work is concerned with the time accurate numerical solution of the two phase flow field at the low Mach number limit with an appropriate volume tracking method to capture motion and deformation of a liquid drop. It is shown that relative velocity betwee...

Methane is one of the most serious greenhouse gases contributing to irreversible climate change. The contribution of methane emissions from leaking pipelines and the expected increased throughput through the pipelines prompted the natural gas industry to set a goal of reducing emissions by 50% by 2010. The integrity of the pipelines is critical to the safety of the gas transportation infrastruc...

A planar and instantaneous visualization study of high-speed gas jets and their airblast sprays was performed to qualitatively examine the different atomization performances of different gas nozzles. For the visualization of high-speed gas jets (with no liquid injected), Nd:YAG pulsed laser sheets imaged the clustered vapor molecules in the Rayleigh range (d@j), condensed from the natural humid...

Sieve trays are widely used in the gas- liquid contactors such as distillation and absorption towers. In this article, a three-dimensional, two phase CFD model using Euler-Euler framework was developed to simulate a distillation tower with two sieve trays. Hydrodynamic simulation of air and water system in different rates of gas phase was carried out and velocity distribution parameters, clear ...

â  abstract: in this work, the kinetics of ethane hydrate formation has been studied experimentally and a kinetic model based on chemical affinity has been described for predicting the hydrate growth process in the stirred batch reactor at a constant volume. the experiments were done with both pure water and aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). the effect of sds on formation kineti...