When the abdomen in quadriplegic subjects is given a passive mechanical support, the expansion of the lower rib cage during inspiration is greater and the inward displacement of the upper rib cage is smaller. These changes have traditionally been attributed to an increase in the appositional force of the diaphragm, but the mechanisms have not been assessed. In this study, the inspiratory interc...

Modeling and Wrench feasible workspace analysis of a spatial cable suspended robots is presented. A six-cable spatial cable robot is used the same as Stewart robots. Due to slow motion of the robot we suppose the motion as pseudostatic and kinetostatic modeling is performed. Various workspaces are defined and the results of simulation are presented on the basis of various workspaces and app...

The aim of this study was to examine and compare vertical forces exerted during root canal obturation with the cold lateral condensation technique, Thermafil technique and ProTaper guttapercha. Fourty-five single-rooted permanent teeth were used in the study. All specimens were instrumented using the ProTaper rotating technique and were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 15 pe...

OBJECTIVE Facial-type-associated variations in diagnostic features have several implications in orthodontics. For example, in hyperdivergent craniofacial types, growth imbalances are compensated by displacement of the condyle. When diagnosis and treatment planning involves centric relation (CR), detailed knowledge of the condylar position is desirable. The present study aimed to measure condyla...

This study reexamined the perceptual equivalence of active and passive touch using a computer-controlled force-feedback device. Nine subjects explored a 6 x 10-cm workspace, with the index finger resting on a mobile flat plate, and experienced simulated Gaussian ridges and troughs (width, 15 mm; amplitude, 0.5 to 4.5 mm). The device simulated shapes by modulating either lateral resistance with ...

Leakage of underwater crude oil pipes causes severe pollution to soil and water, and results in great economic loss. To predict the diffusion area of spilled oil before it reaches the water's surface and to reduce the time required for emergency response, numerical simulations were conducted on underwater spilled oil diffusion of bare crude oil pipes using FLUENT software. The influences of wat...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of optic disc center displacement on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measurement determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). METHODS The optic disc center was manipulated at 1-pixel intervals in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions. According to the manipulated optic disc center location, the RNFL thickness data were resampl...