Since the introduction of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of nephrolithiasis, the indication has been extended and the technical possibilities of ESWT have been considerably improved. Besides the classical indication of “kidney stones”, extra-corporeal shockwaves are also used in gall stones, pancreatic stones and salivary calculi [1-3]. In orthopedics ESWT is indicate...

Bladder stones are caused when minerals are built up in the bladder, especially if the bladder is incompletely emptied. These stones will pass while they are small. Otherwise, they get stuck to the bladder wall or ureter. If this happens, they gradually gather more mineral crystals, becoming larger over time. Primary hyperparathyroidism is usually caused by a tumor within the parathyroid gland,...

To determine whether geographic variability in rates of kidney stones in the United States was attributable to differences in personal and environmental exposures, the authors examined cross-sectional data that included information on self-reported, physician-diagnosed kidney stones collected from 1,167,009 men and women, aged > or = 30 years, recruited nationally in 1982. Information on risk f...

background retrograde intra-renal surgery (rirs) has been used to remove stones of less than 2 cm in the kidney. however, its role is not well defined. objectives the objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and safety of rirs, used either as a primary or secondary procedure, and to analyze factors predicting the stonefree rate (sfr). patients and methods a retrospective analysis wa...

ABSTRACT Background: Holmium YAG (yttrium-aluminum-garnet) laser, a comparatively new technique, can clear all types and sizes of stones is only being used in two institutes Karachi, Pakistan. The study aimed to compare pneumatic lithoclast holmium evaluate stone-free rate (SFR), postoperative complications, operative duration, effectiveness. Methods: This cross-sectional research included 60 p...

BACKGROUNDS Hypouricemia was reported as a risk factor for exercise-induced acute renal injury (EIAKI) and urinary stones. However, the prevalence of kidney diseases among hypouricemic subjects has not been evaluated. This study was conducted to clarify the prevalence of hypouricemia and the association of hypouricemia with kidney diseases by using a large-scale Japanese population data. METH...

Kidney stone formation or urolithiasis is a complex process that results from series of physicochemical events, including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention in the kidney. Urolithiasis affects about 10% people Western world their 70s. Epidemiological data show calcium oxalate major mineral most kidney stones.
 To date, great progress has been achieved identifyi...

Urinary oxalate is an important determinant of calcium oxalate kidney stone formation. High doses of vitamin B6 may decrease oxalate production, whereas vitamin C can be metabolized to oxalate. This study was conducted to examine the association between the intakes of vitamins B6 and C and risk of kidney stone formation in women. The relation between the intake of vitamins B6 and C and the risk...

OBJECTIVE To analyze acute kidney injury (AKI) frequency, risk factors and outcome in ureteric stone patients. METHODS This is an observational retrospective study performed in a single tertiary care centre in Abu Dhabi from October 2014 till August 2015. Convenient sampling was done on 152 consecutive patients who underwent decompression surgery (Ureterorenoscopy LASER Lithotripsy and DJ Ste...

PURPOSE We conducted a population based pediatric study to determine the incidence of symptomatic kidney stones during a 25-year period and to identify factors related to variation in stone incidence during this period. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Rochester Epidemiology Project was used to identify all patients younger than 18 years who were diagnosed with kidney stones in Olmsted County, Minne...