Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to be a major problem, causing severe and intractable infections worldwide. MRSA is resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics, and alternative treatments are limited. A very limited number of new antibiotics have been discovered over the last half-century, novel agents for the treatment of MRSA infections are urgently needed. Marinopyr...

Parenteral cephalosporins are among the most frequently used antibiotics in hospital therapy. They are characterised by an extended spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and some also have good activity against anaerobes. They kill proliferating bacterial cells rapidly, and generally show only a low tendency to select resistant mutants. However, there are cephal...

introduction: septic shock is now recognized to be associated with multiple critical organ failure, usually attributable to the uncontrolled release of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tnf, inf, il-6, il-1, and no (nitric oxide). no is one of the most important proinflammatory mediators in sepsis and septic shock. it is a potent vasodilator, and appears to be responsible for hypotens...

beta-lactamases are enzymes that protect bacteria from the lethal effects of beta-lactam antibiotics, and are therefore of considerable clinical importance. The crystal structure of beta-lactamase from the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus PC1 has been determined at 2.5 angstrom resolution. It reveals a molecule of novel topology, made up of two closely associated domains. The activ...

METHODS: A total of 311 gram-positive cocci were tested, composed of 200 clinical isolates and 111 challenge strains. ID was performed on Staphylococci (171 strains), Enterococci (125 strains), and Streptococci (15 strains). AST was performed on all Staphylococal strains, and an Enterococcus faecalis (75 strains) and E. faecium (33 strains). The ID results were compared to API 20 Staph and API ...

The TEM-1 and SHV-1 beta-lactamases are important contributors to resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria. These enzymes share 68% amino acid sequence identity and their atomic structures are nearly superimposable. Extended-spectrum cephalosporins were introduced to avoid the action of these beta-lactamases. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the evolution of v...

Chloropolysporins A, B and C, as well as derivatives prepared from this group and alpha- and beta-avoparcins by enzymatic and mild acid hydrolysis, were active against Gram-positive bacteria including clinically isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MIC 0.39-6.25 micrograms/ml) and anaerobic enterobacteria (MIC 0.10-1.56 micrograms/ml). Derhamnosyl and demannosyl derivatives from both g...

Objective: The aim of our study was to describe the species distribution and changes in resistance profile anaerobic bacteria isolated at Tartu University Hospital. Methods: data for 2010, 2016 2020 were analysed retrospectively. strains identified by Vitek2 (2010) MALDI-TOF MS (2016, 2020); MIC values antibiotics determined using gradient tests. Resistance interpreted EUCAST breakpoints. Resul...

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic, which acts on the bacterial cell wall. It was first used clinically in 1958. It is not well absorbed orally and is 80% to 90% excreted by the kidney. It’s absorption into tissues is variable and often poor, in part related to its relatively large size. Although it is a bactericidal antibiotic, it is generally less efficacious and bactericidal for a given...

There have been conflicting data about the interactions between vancomycin and beta-lactam agents against Staphylococcus aureus strains with heterogeneous resistance to vancomycin. We evaluated the efficacy of these combinations against Mu 3 and heterogeneously vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (hetero-VRSA) strains which were isolated from Korean patients using a population analysis method. Antag...