We describe an effective surgical technique in primary repair of the spinal dura during minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). Objective. Minimally invasive spine surgery includes the treatment of intradural lesions, and proper closure of the dura is necessary. However, primary dural closure can be difficult due to the restricted space of MIS retractors and the availability of appropriate sur...

Mast cells derive from a distinct bone marrow precursor and mature in tissues under the influence of stem cell factor, nerve growth factor (NGF) and certain interleukins. Intracranial mast cells first appear in the meninges and are located perivascularly close to neurons. They can be activated by antidromic stimulation of the trigeminal nerve, as well as by acute immobilization stress. Substanc...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim was to compare visibility of the spinal space in sitting and lateral positions, number of attempts, spinal needle depth, skin-dura mater distance and the possible complications; in application of spinal anesthesia, using ultrasound in pregnant patients scheduled to receive elective cesarean operations. METHODS The study was conducted prospective-randomly after...

25 Optogenetics combines optics and genetics to control neuronal activity with cell-type 26 specificity and millisecond temporal precision. Its use in model organisms such as 27 rodents, drosophila, and C. Elegans is now well established. However, application of 28 this technology in non-human primates (NHP) has been slow to develop. One key 29 challenge has been the delivery of viruses and lig...

Chemical activation and sensitization of trigeminal primary afferent neurons innervating the intracranial meninges have been postulated as possible causes of certain headaches. This sensitization, however, cannot explain the extracranial hypersensitivity that often accompanies headache. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that chemical activation and sensitization of meningeal sen...

This research aimed at ascertaining the performance of raw dura species Palm Kernel Shells (PKS) in comparison to a different PKS (tenera) as replacement for known aggregates pervious lightweight concrete. Using limestones aggregates, control concrete was batched, and relevant tests were conducted. Major conducted on composites concerned compressive, tensile, flexural strength, well permeabilit...

The possibility of transmission of slow virus infection (HIV) and Creutzfeld-Jakob disease by cadaveric dura implants makes it necessary to find synthetic, absorbable materials for the reconstruction of the dura mater. Various procedures with autologous or alloplastic material are described. Four commercially available biomaterials were choosen to study the proliferation rate and the biocompati...

The collagenous dura mater isolates the brain from the external environment and requires a secure closure following invasive neurosurgery. This is typically accomplished by approximation of the dura mater via sutures and adhesives. In selected cases, however, large portions of dura mater require excision, necessitating a tissue replacement patch. The mild reaction conditions and long-term bioco...

Background: Trigeminal schwannomas may originate from the root, the ganglion, or the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal schwannomas are rare tumors that comprise of 0.2% of all intracranial tumors. Objective: To clarify the pattern of trigeminal schwannomas in relation with meninges for surgical considerations. Methods: We used 3 adults head cadaver specimens were used for ...

BACKGROUND The spinal dura is anchored within the vertebral canal by connective tissue in the epidural space as well as the spinal roots. Inadvertent disruption of these dural attachments may lead to durotomy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. We observed well-developed connective tissue ligaments connecting the lumbar dura to the spinal column and examined these tissues microscopically. ME...