BACKGROUND Respiratory abnormalities are often overlooked; however, because of their potential comorbidity, they must be analyzed to determine the most effective treatment for patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Among various theories on respiratory abnormalities in PD, "upper airway obstruction" and "restrictive respiratory disorders" are 2 of the most accepted etiologies; both appear to be ...

Late-onset dystonia occurs after long-term antipsychotic treatment or discontinuation of treatment. Being young, male gender, mental retardation, and mood disorder are risk factors. By considering the dystonic complaints psychotic symptoms patient who had a diagnosis schizoaffective risperidone 8 mg/day tablet use for 3 months, it was planned to continue with clozapine. When did not improve, bo...

The association of upper extremity essential tremor and several types of other dystonias, including spasmodic dysphonia, have been reported in the past [1,2]. We previously reported a brief case description of a patient with essential tremor (ET) of the hands and adductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) with vocal tremor who responded to bilateral thalamic DBS with six month follow up [3]. Our patient...

introduction:  the aim of this study was to compare the preventive effects of corticosteroids and curcumin on subglottic stenosis in an animal model.  materials and methods: twenty-one male german shepherd dogs were used for this study. after standardized trauma to the subglottic area, the dogs were divided into three groups. group a received curcumin (450 mg/ day) for 15 days; group b received...

This study visualizes the glottal excitation in a temporally highly resolved estimate of the first formant. Instantaneous estimates during the glottal cycle of the frequency and bandwidth of the first formant closely follow the electroglottographic contour. This is demonstrated for phonation of an [a:] produced by one female patient with laryngeal dystonia. The observed contours in the F1 frequ...

Aging of the larynx is characterized by involutional changes which alter its biomechanical and neural properties and create a biological environment that is different from younger counterparts. Illustrative anatomical examples are presented. This natural, non-disease process appears to set conditions which may influence the effectiveness of botulinum toxin injection and our expectations for its...

UNLABELLED Impact in vocal quality in partial myectomy and neurectomy endoscopic of thyroarytenoid muscle in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia the adductor spasmodic dysphonia is a severe vocal disorder characterized by muscle laryngeal spasms during speech, producing phonatory breaks, forced, strained and strangled voice. Its symptoms come from involuntary and intermittent contraction...

Episodic paroxysmal laryngospasm (EPL) is a sign of laryngeal dysfunction, often without a specific organic etiology, which can masquerade as asthma, vocal fold paralysis, or a functional voice disorder. The intermittent respiratory distress of EPL may precipitate an apparent upper airway obstructive emergency, resulting in unnecessary endotracheal intubation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or ...

little is known about the results of pallidal deep brain stimulation (dbs) in dyt6 dystonia. this will be the first report of dyt6 dystonia treated with pallidal dbs from iran. a 21 years old male patient with dyt6 dystonia underwent bilateral deep brain stimulation. the target of dbs was the sensorimotor region of the posteroventralglobuspallidusinternus (gpi). dbs parameters included an ampli...