Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on Journal blog. Ecological processes are known to leave recognizable footprints spatial patterns of plants. Observed can be tested against theoretic expectations based effects species dispersal, fine-scale abiotic factors and biotic interactions realized plants (McIntire & Fajardo, 2009). The point-to-point relationships among plants, as ‘p...

Migratory birds typically fly long distances in response to large-scale seasonal climate variation. However, most migratory species are partial migrants, and some only short distances, for example take advantage of suitable feeding conditions during the non-breeding season. In spite their distance, such migrations may also be fixed populations as a result evolutionarily adaptive responses local...