Buried pipe leakage can lead to poor heat transfer performance and even system failure. Leakage analysis of buried tube greatly affects the operation condition diagnosis for exchange in tube. In this study, simulation software was applied analyzing process efficiency pipes under different conditions. Moreover, changes outlet temperature, water pressure flow rate were simulated at positions dive...

We present a new approach for the estimation and optimization of standby power dissipation in large MOS digital circuits. We first introduce a new approach for accurate and efficient calculation of the average standby or leakage current in large digital circuits by introducing the concepts of “dominant leakage states” and the use of state probabilities. Combined with graph reduction techniques ...

The tip-leakage flow in a turbomachinery cascade is studied using large-eddy simulation with particular emphasis on understanding the underlying mechanisms for viscous losses in the vicinity of the tip gap. Systematic and detailed analysis of the mean flow field and turbulence statistics has been made in a linear cascade with a moving endwall. Gross features of the tip-leakage vortex, tip-separ...

In the renewable energy sources, PV system forms the reliable for power generation. Thus the transformerless CMI is considered to be the best alternative for low cost and high efficiency photovoltaic systems. Eliminating the leakage current is one of the most important issues for transformerless inverters in grid-connected photovoltaic system applications, where the technical challenge is how t...

The High-K Metal Gate (HKMG) technology has become the keystone to reduce gate leakage and enable the continuous scaling of transistors towards 32nm node and beyond. However, the reduction of gate leakage in 32nm HKMG PD (Partially Depleted)-SOI (Silicon-On-Insulator) CMOS (Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor) inevitably changes the modeling methods for gate current, floating body effect, a...

conclusions thus, we can conclude that a simulator system using an extracorporeal circulation system can be set to different models of dialyzers, and that the reproduced treatment scenarios can be used for simulation training. results the results of the tests demonstrated successful activation of the alarms by the dialysis apparatus, which were appropriate for each of the five types of accident...

Recently there has been a huge emphasis on constructing cryptographic protocols that maintain their security guarantees even in the presence of side channel attacks. Such attacks exploit the physical characteristics of a cryptographic device to learn useful information about the internal state of the device. Designing protocols that deliver meaningful security even in the presence of such leaka...

Prevailing CMOS design practice has been very conservative with regard t o choice of transistor threshold voltage, so as t o avoid the difficult problems of threshold variations and high leakage currclnts. I t is becoming necessary t o scale threshold voltages more aggress~vely in order t o obtain further power reduction, performance improven~ent, and integration density. Substantial leakage re...

In this paper, four new hybrid digital circuit design techniques, namely, hybrid multi-threshold CMOS complete stack technique, hybrid multi-threshold CMOS partial stack technique, hybrid super cutoff complete stack technique and hybrid super cutoff partial stack technique, have been proposed to reduce the subthreshold leakage power dissipation in standby modes. Techniques available in literatu...