Obesity, a state of imbalance between lean mass and fat mass, is important for the etiology of diseases affected by the interplay of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Although genome-wide association studies have repeatedly associated genes with obesity and body weight, the mechanisms underlying the interaction between the muscle and adipose tissues remain unknown. Using 351 mice (at ...

OBJECTIVE To assess factors associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women in a longitudinal study, and to examine the relative contribution of lean mass, fat mass, dietary patterns, and years since menopause to BMD. METHODS Two hundred and eighty-two postmenopausal women were randomly selected from Hongqi Community Health Center, in Harbin City, China. All participants we...

Nutritional status was studied in lung transplant (LT) candidates. The hypotheses were that nutritional depletion was highly prevalent and lean body mass depletion was a risk factor for a higher mortality both before and after LT. Of 78 consecutive patients listed for LT, 16 (21%) died while on the waiting list, eight (10%) were alive awaiting LT, and 54 (69%) received a graft. Mean age was 42....

Body composition and sport participation have been associated with bone mass. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of lean and fat mass measures with whole body bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in female adolescent weightlifters, swimmers and non-athletic counterparts. This study included a total of 25 female adolescents (mean age: 15.3±1.1 years)...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relation between body mass index and mortality in middle aged British men. DESIGN Men who were recruited for the British Regional Heart Study were followed up for a mean of nine years. SETTING General practices in 24 British towns. SUBJECTS 7735 Men aged 40-59 years selected from the age-sex registers of one group practice in each of the 24 towns. MAIN OUTCOME ME...

It has been suggested that low body weight may be associated with decreased respiratory muscle function in COPD, but the precise mechanism is not known. Since body compositional change inevitably accompanies body weight change, we decided to study the possible relationship between respiratory muscle strength and body composition in patients with COPD. We studied respiratory muscle strength, pul...

This study evaluated the arm, trunk, and leg for fat mass, lean soft tissue mass, and bone mineral content (BMC) assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a group of age-matched (approximately 29 yr) men (n = 57) and women (n = 63) and determined their relationship to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and leptin. After analysis of covariance adjustment to control for differences in bo...

BACKGROUND There is no consensus regarding the accuracy of bioimpedance for the determination of body composition in older persons. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the assessment of lean body mass of healthy older volunteers obtained by the deuterium dilution method (reference) with those obtained by two frequently used bioelectrical impedance formulas and one formula specifically devel...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The gastric hormone ghrelin has been reported to stimulate food intake, increase weight gain, and cause obesity but its precise physiological role remains unclear. We investigated the long term effects of gastrectomy evoked ghrelin deficiency and of daily ghrelin injections on daily food intake, body weight, fat mass, lean body mass, and bone mass in mice. METHODS Ghrelin ...

Aim of the present study was to describe the muscle fibre type composition and body composition of well-trained hammer throwers. Six experienced hammer throwers underwent the following measurements: one repetition maximum in squat, snatch, and clean, standing broad jump, backward overhead shot throw and the hammer throw. Dual x-ray absorptiometry was used for body composition analysis. Fibre ty...