D. Klahr and M. Nigam (2004) make a case for the superiority of direct instruction over discovery learning in students’ mastery of the control-of-variables strategy central to the scientific method. In the present work, we examine acquisition of this strategy among students of the same age as those studied by Klahr and Nigam, as well as follow central features of their design in directly compar...

The relationship between a theory of learning and a theory of instruction is discussed. Examples are presented that illustrate how to proceed from a theoretical description of the learning process to the specification of an optimal strategy for carrying out instruction. The examples deal with fairly simple learning tasks and are admittedly of limited generality. Nevertheless, they clearly defin...

Student modeling is one of the key factors that affects automated tutoring systems in making instructional decisions. A student model is a model to predict the probability of a student making errors on given problems. A good student model that matches with student behavior patterns often provides useful information on learning task difficulty and transfer of learning between related problems, a...

Humans improve their performance by means of a variety of learning strategies, including both gradual statistical induction from experience and rapid incorporation of advice. In many learning environments, these strategies may interact in complementary ways. The focus of this work is on cognitively plausible models of multistrategy learning involving the integration of inductive generalization ...

Young children with learning disabilities typically encounter difficulty with academic tasks requiring intentional effort and effective use of metacognitive skills--qualities that competent readers and writers possess. In response to these difficulties, special educators often modify literacy instruction, isolating the "basic skills" of literacy (such as decoding and penmanship) from meaningful...

Purpose In this epilogue, we review the 4 response articles and highlight the implications of a multidimensional view of reading for the assessment and instruction of reading comprehension. Method We reiterate the problems with standardized tests of reading comprehension and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of recently developed authentic tests of reading comprehension. In the "Instru...

Students have trouble using and interpreting topographic maps. Experienced map-users identify patterns of contour lines representing topographic structures and visualize that information in 3D. Novices struggle with both recognizing 2D patterns and visualizing 3D structures from contour lines. In this study, the Pattern Identification group received instruction focused on identifying contour pa...

the present study was an attempt to compare the effect of three vlss, namely word-part strategy, word-card strategy and context-clue strategy on immediate and delayed english vocabulary retention of iranian third grade high school students. to this end, 90 students, studying at three high schools in tabriz, in three intact groups, were considered as the participants of the study. in order to en...

this research study explored the impact of learning styles and input modalities on the second language (l2) learners' input processing (ip). this study also sought to appraise the usefulness of processing instruction (pi) and its components in relation to the learners' learning styles and input modalities. to this end, 73 male and female iranian efl learners from islamic azad universi...