In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of individualized treatment on restoration of competency in patients adjudicated incompetent to stand trial. Treatment groups included deficit-focused remediation (six individual sessions and four group sessions; n = 8), legal rights education (control group; six individual sessions and four group sessions; n = 10), and standard hospital treatment (...

The purpose of this article is to investigate the subjective experience of hospitalized psychiatric patients regarding the troublesome aspects of psychiatric hospitalization. Our discussion envisions a decision maker working under legal mandate pertaining to his discretion concerning hospitalization and aiming to promote the psychological well-being of the hospitalized individual. Therapeutic j...

One of the basic human values is freedom as basis existence, concept which one most complex and multifaceted. The general individual includes economic freedom, an interdisciplinary category. Modern scientific thought characterized by a significant variety substantive explanations different aspects in connection with issues related to understanding essence this category remain controversial. pap...

legal actions remains sufficiently predictable. Such predictions on legal conflicts have to be shared among economic actors to stabilize mutual expectations of behavior. This stability then helps to reduce legal risks. Predictability is not necessarily related to precise legal knowledge. It is sufficient to know when legal specialists have to get involved. Economic actors prepare for such situa...

the results of examination of annual financial statements by independent experts (auditors) are presented in reports. we have tried to examine and evaluate the activities of two important professions of accountancy and auditing in iran, in preparing and validating annual financial statements, and relate these evaluations to group behavior of share – holders and analyses of stock – brokers. for ...

background & aim: domestic violence is an individual and social damage, which is affected by personality traits and can cause a crisis for the mental health of individuals; thus, the present study aimed to investigating personality traits and its impact on mental health of battered women in tehran, 2013. methods:in this cross-sectional study, 196 married women who referred to tehran legal medic...

Appellate courts make policy, not only by hearing cases themselves, but by establishing legal rules for the disposition of future cases. The problem is that such courts are generally multimember, or collegial, courts. If different judges prefer different rules, can a collegial court establish meaningful legal rules? Can preferences that take the form of legal rules be aggregated? I use a “case-...

How do minorities, defined as non-ruling communities, use as well as evade using state law, legal ideology and communal law for achievement of their political aims in democracies? What relations hold between violent, and non-violent means as hermeneutics, litigation, and legal mobilization? What is a communal legal culture, and what is its relevance for relations between state and society in th...