There are three common methods for calculating the lift generated by a flying animal based on the measured airflow in the wake. However, these methods might not be accurate according to computational and robot-based studies of flapping wings. Here we test this hypothesis for the first time for a slowly flying Pacific parrotlet in still air using stereo particle image velocimetry recorded at 100...

The lift and power requirements for hovering flight in Drosophila virilis were studied using the method of computational fluid dynamics. The Navier-Stokes equations were solved numerically. The solution provided the flow velocity and pressure fields, from which the unsteady aerodynamic forces and moments were obtained. The inertial torques due to the acceleration of the wing mass were computed ...

BACKGROUND This prospective study assessed outcomes in patients undergoing a deep-plane face lift and other simultaneous facial cosmetic procedures. It is the first prospective outcome study to assess and compare these patients and provide data on patient satisfaction and quality of life—the most important determinants of surgical success. METHODS From 2002 to 2007, in-person interviews were ...

SUINARY Flight measurements have been made of the unsteady lift due to gusts on a Meteor 7 aircraft. Values of the lift slope obtained from these measurements show a marked reduotion with increasing frequency, and in the range 1 to 5 cIp.a~, da(f) df =-0.2 per oppose; at 5 c.p.s. the value of the lift slope is reduced to three quarters of its steady state value, The main experimental errors inh...

The purpose of the present study was to determine the metabolic cost of walking with and without a shoe-lift on the contralateral foot of an immobilised extended knee. Eight male subjects were randomly allocated and participated in both the treatment (walking with a 2.5 cm shoe-lift) and control (walking without a shoe-lift) conditions. Cardiac output (Q) and related cardiovascular measurements...

Precision eddy current measurements have been shown to be capable of characterizing the near-surface residual stress and cold work profiles in surface-treated components. To capture the peak compressive residual stress in moderately shot-peened (Almen 4–8A) nickel-base superalloys, the eddy current inspection frequency has to be as high as 50–80MHz. Unfortunately, spurious selfand straycapacita...

Switching between competing grasp postures incurs costs on speeded performance. We examined switch costs between lift versus use actions under task conditions that required subjects to identify familiar objects. There were no asymmetrical interference effects, though reliable costs occurred when the same object required a different action on consecutive trials. In addition, lift actions were fa...

Hypersonic rareŽ ed-gas  ows near two side-by-side plates have been studied numerically with the direct simulationMonte Carlo technique under transitional rareŽ ed-gas- ow conditions (Knudsen numbers from 0.024 to 1.8). Strong in uences of the geometrical factor (ratio of distance between plates to plate length) and the Knudsen number on the  ow structure (the shape of shock waves, the conŽ...

To understand the mechanics of a complex fluid such as a foam we propose a model experiment (a bidimensional flow around an obstacle) for which an external sollicitation is applied, and a local response is measured, simultaneously. We observe that an asymmetric obstacle (cambered airfoil profile) experiences a downwards lift, opposite to the lift usually known (in a different context) in aerody...

An n-lift of a graph K, is a graph with vertex set V (K)× [n] and for each edge (i, j) ∈ E(K) there is a perfect matching between {i} × [n] and {j} × [n]. If these matchings are chosen independently and uniformly at random then we say that we have a random n-lift. We show that there are constants h1, h2 such that if h ≥ h1 then a random n-lift of the complete graph Kh is hamiltonian whp and if ...