Anyone who have designed a capacitively tuned VFO/VCO with the wide tuning range (>1.5-2x) has noticed that the oscillation threshold changes substantially with the tuning frequency. The usual solution to the problem is a combination of: 1. the AGC circuit, most frequently via the amplifier bias that changes the amplifier conduction angle; 2. shunting the LC circuit with a damping resistor or b...

The balanced amplifier is used in applications requiring a better input match than is possible with a single-ended amplifier. While the impedance matching property of the balanced amplifier is well known, its noise behavior appears not to be widely understood. It is shown that the outgoing noise waves at the input and output of a balanced amplifier are uncorrelated even though they originate in...

Sense amplifiers plays an important role in memories like Dynamic Random Access (DRAM) and Static Random Access (SRAM) for read and write operations. A sense amplifier compares the bit line voltage and its complement amplifies it to rail to rail output voltages. In this project, we mainly concentrated on the write operation. Sense amplifier is one of the peripheral circuits in memories that are...

We present a new fiber-amplifier-based differential absorption light detection and ranging (DIAL) system for range-resolved of carbon dioxide (CO2) water vapor (H2O) over range few kilometers. The fiber amplifier chain is seeded with 7.14 kHz fast-switching high-spectral purity wavelength source near 1572 nm to cover ten different frequencies across the CO2/H2O line pair in ≈1.4 ms. demonstrate...

We demonstrate a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) burst mode laser system that generates 66 ps/402.5 MHz pulses with mega-watt peak power at 355 nm. The seed laser consists of a single frequency fiber laser (linewidth < 5 KHz), a high bandwidth electro-optic modulator (EOM), a picosecond pulse generator, and a fiber based preamplifier. A very high extinction ratio (45 dB) has been achie...

Supplementary Fig. S1 shows the schematic experimental set-up. We used a noncollinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) [1]–[3] as a light source for the pump–probe experiment [4]–[6]. The laser source of this system was a commercial regenerative amplifier (Spitfire; Spectra Physics). Its central wavelength, pulse duration, repetition rate and average output power were 790 nm, 50 fs, 5 kHz an...