We present here the optical properties of humiclike substances (HULIS) isolated from the fine fraction of biomass-burning aerosol collected in the Amazon basin during the LBA-SMOCC (Large scale Biosphere atmosphere experiment in Amazonia – SMOke aerosols, Clouds, rainfall and Climate) experiment in September 2002. From the isolated HULIS, aerosol particles were generated and their scattering an...

Metamaterial is not a well-defined terminology. In fact, this terminology does not mean any specific material, but instead a new way of thinking. Usually this term means carefully engineered material structures composed of carefully designed inclusions that can exhibit unusual electromagnetic properties not inherent in the individual constituent components [1]. These properties include, for exa...

qasim‘ali qayinis manaz?ir wa maraya, that has written in 11th century a.h./18th a.d., is one of the last works in muslim’s tradition of optical writings. in this work, qayini? has defined the scope of ‘ilm-i- manaz?ir and has referred some predecessor like euclid and kindi. moreover he proceeds popular topics in optical works like reflection and refraction of light, burning tools, rainbow, the...

Introduction The lens is a cellular structure formed from elongated fibre cells aligning into concentric layers that stack together with the organization of a uni-axial crystal 111. Within the fibre cells, where protein turnover is low, protein components are packed together [2-41 with short-range order [S]. The high protein concentration is important both for refraction and transparency. Globu...

Relationship between the speed of gravity cg and the speed of light ce in the bi-metric theory of gravity is discussed. We reveal that the speed of light is a function of the speed of gravity which is a primary fundamental constant. Thus, experimental measurement of relativistic bending of light propagating in time-dependent gravitational field directly compares the speed of gravity versus the ...

Full optical fiber current sensor phase modulation is the use of magnetic field made the refraction different of left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light can be decomposed into a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light. The paper proposes research and design of reflective optical fiber current sensor based on improved phase modula...

Continuous exposure of chicks to light was shown to result in severe hyperopia, accompanied by anterior segment changes, such as severe corneal flattening. Since rearing chicks in complete darkness results only in mild hyperopia and minor changes in corneal curvature, we hypothesized that light intensity may play a role in the development of refractive changes under continuous light illuminatio...

A bstract The refraction index and matter potential depend on neutrino energy this dependence has a resonance character associated to the production of mediator in s− channel. For light mediators particles medium (background) can be realized at energies accessible laboratory experiments. We study properties for different C-asymmetries background. Interplay background vacuum term leads (i) bump ...

this was a cross-sectional case-control study in which the effect of night-time ambient light on prevalence of myopia in patients with a history of exposure to night-time light during sleep throughout the first three years of their lives was investigated in 2008. two hundred children aged 3-15 years who were brought to our eye clinic at boo-ali hospital for ophthalmic examination investigated a...