From the Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois (W.D.O.); Philips Medical Systems– Ultrasound, Bothell, Washington (J.G.A.); Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland (M.E.St., G.R.H.); Sonic Tech, Inc, Fort Washington, Pennsylvania (M.E.Sc.); Department of ...

Whereas some research on immediate recall of verbal lists has suggested that it is limited by the number of chunks that can be recalled (e.g., N. Cowan, Z. Chen, & J. N. Rouder, 2004; E. Tulving & J. E. Patkau, 1962), other research has suggested that it is limited by the length of the material to be recalled (e.g., A. D. Baddeley, N. Thomson, & M. Buchanan, 1975). The authors investigated this...

Some decisions, such as predicting the winner of a baseball game, are challenging in part because outcomes are probabilistic. When making such decisions, one view is that humans stochastically and selectively retrieve a small set of relevant memories that provides evidence for competing options. We show that optimal performance at test is impossible when retrieving information in this fashion, ...

Recent work by Robert Batterman and Alexander Rueger has brought attention to cases in physics in which governing laws at the base level “break down” and singular limit relations obtain between baseand upper-level theories. As a result, they claim, these are cases with emergent upper-level properties. This paper contends that this inference— from singular limits to explanatory failure, novelty ...

Designing technology with sustainability in mind is becoming more and more important, especially considering future scenarios of limited resources where the world’s current lifestyle of wasteful consumption needs to change. But how can researchers believably argue that their solutions are indeed sustainable? How can consumers and technology users reliably acquire, understand, and apply informat...

In Drosophila embryos, a concentration gradient of nuclear Dorsal protein controls pattern formation along the dorsal-ventral axis. Recent quantitative studies agree on the temporal dynamics of the gradient, but disagree on its spatial limits.

Daily price limits are adopted by many securities exchanges in countries such as the USA, Canada, Japan and various other countries in Europe and Asia, in order to increase the stability of the financial market. These limits confine the price of the financial asset during all trading stages of any trading day to a range, usually determined based on the previous day’s closing price. In this pape...