In skeletal muscle development, the myogenic regulatory factors myf5 and myoD play redundant roles in the specification and maintenance of myoblasts, whereas myf6 has a downstream role in differentiating myocytes and myofibers. It is not clear whether the redundancy between myf5 and myoD is within the same cell lineage or between distinct lineages. Using lineage tracing and conditional cell abl...

Abstract Many studies on the diversity of South American biota support role ecological and geological events as main drivers species diversification. For many groups, geomorphological are key diversification, while influence Pleistocene climate oscillations is prominent for others. To precisely indicate which were development astonishing biodiversity in America, widely distributed paramount. On...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Brazil was dominated by two lineages designated as B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33. SARS-CoV-2 variants harboring mutations at the receptor-binding domain of Spike (S) protein, P.1 P.2, evolved from lineage are rapidly spreading Brazil. Lineage is considered a Variant Concern (VOC) because presence multiple S protein (including ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which affects myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) and leads to serious disability. Currently available treatments for MS mainly suppress the immune system. Regenerative medicine-based approaches attempt to increase myelin repair by targeting endogenous progenitors or transplanting stem cells or their derivatives. Fingolimod exerts anti-inf...

Since its detection in December of 2020, the SARS-CoV2 lineage P.1, descendent B.1.1.28 lineage, has been identified several places Brazil and abroad. This Variant Concern was considered highly prevalent Northern now is rapidly widening geographical range. Here, we present epidemiological genomic information first case P1 Rio Grande do Sul state, a patient with no reported travel history tracke...

The phylogeography and molecular taxonomy of the Alpine newt, Ichthyosaura alpestris, has been intensively studied in past. However, previous studies did not include a comprehensive sampling from Carpathian Basin, possibly key region evolution species. We used 1251 bp long fragment mitochondrial genome to infer species’ evolutionary history central-eastern Europe by assigning isolated Basin pop...

Software continuously evolves to reflect changing requirements, feature updates, and bug fixes. Most existing research focuses on analyzing software release histories to understand the software evolution process and to describe evolutionary relationships among programs. However, there has been little research on inferring software lineage from (binary) programs. In this paper, we take a systema...

Based on RFLP analysis, two evolutionary lineages for Brassica diploid species have been proposed. These are (I) the “nigra” lineage and (II) the “rapa/oleracea” lineage. The phylogenetic relationship of Raphanus species to these two lineages is still unclear because chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA genomic restriction site variation suggests that Raphanus is more closely related to the “rapa/...

Lineage 7 of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has recently been identified among strains originating from Ethiopia. Using different DNA typing techniques, this study provides additional information on the genetic heterogeneity of five lineage 7 strains collected in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. It also confirms the phylogenetic positioning of these strains between the ancient lineage 1 a...

Understanding the physiological factors that contribute to variation in female mate preference can provide valuable insights into influence strength of sexual selection as well costs and benefits being choosy. We asked whether hormone cortisol could be involved regulating swordtail fish Xiphophorus multilineatus. On average, females prefer with larger males from reproductive tactic courts (cour...