This study proposes a low-cost, portable paper-fluidic vertical flow assay bacterium counter with high accuracy. We designed sensors low fabrication costs based on e-beam evaporation and three-dimensional printing the impedance measurement principle. Interdigitated (IDT) electrodes were coated filter membrane by shadow mask. could print wafer-scale frames melting temperature three-dimensional-p...

In this study, we evaluate the effect of cell configuration parameters on electrochemical reduction CO2 using Cu gas-diffusion electrodes (Cu-GDEs), including use proton- or anion-exchange membranes, flow configuration, and Nafion content used in ink formulation to prepare Cu-GDEs. Using a (i) containing Sustainion membrane, (ii) allowing liquid catholyte anolyte, (iii) providing convective sup...

Abstract A three-dimensional multicomponent multiphase lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) is established to the coupled two-phase and reactive transport phenomena in cathode electrode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The gas diffusion layer (GDL) microporous (MPL) are stochastically reconstructed with inside dynamic distribution oxygen liquid water resolved, catalyst simplified as a superthin...

     Nafion is a perfluorinated anionic polyelectrolyte. The increasing popularity of nafion for the fabrication of redox polymer modified electrodes in recent years arises from easy fabrication, good electrical conductivity and high partition coefficients of many redox compounds in nafion. To investigate the production of nano-compositions by mixing electron transfer material and nafion polyme...

This paper presents an advanced patterned vertical aligned nematic liquid crystal (APVA) mode as a way of improving the transmittance of the conventional patterned, vertically-aligned nematic liquid crystal (PVA) mode. The APVA was characterized by multi-electrodes, which play an important role in generating a horizontal electric field that prevents LC disclination in the vicinity of the middle...

The structure of water on metal electrodes is addressed based on first-principles calculations. Special emphasis is paid on the competition between water-metal and water-water interaction as the structure determining factors. Thus the question will be discussed whether water at metal surfaces is iceor rather liquid-like. The proper description of liquid phases requires to perform thermal averag...

Due to its high electrical conductivity and excellent transmittance at terahertz frequencies, graphene is a promising candidate as transparent electrodes for terahertz devices. We demonstrate a liquid crystal based terahertz phase shifter with the graphene films as transparent electrodes. The maximum phase shift is 10.8 degree and the saturation voltage is 5 V with a 50 µm liquid crystal cell. ...