Vapor degreasing uses a partially full container of cleaner heated to its boiling point. The parts to be cleaned are suspended in the vapor cloud above the boiling liquid. The vapor condenses on the cooler parts, dissolves the contaminants and flushes the liquid mixture back into the hot liquid. When the cleaning process is complete, the parts are removed from the tank and they quickly dry in t...

When a binary liquid is confined by a strongly repulsive wall, the local density is depleted near the wall and an interface similar to that between the liquid and its vapor is formed. This analogy suggests that the composition of the binary liquid near this interface should exhibit spatial modulation similar to that near a liquid-vapor interface even if the interactions of the wall with the two...

A number of 1,4-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene derivatives (BPEBs) and their analogues with different numbers of side-substitute fluorine atoms on benzene rings, and alkyl chains, ethoxyl groups, fluorine atoms and trifluoromethyl groups as the end groups have been synthesized. The effects of the different substituents on their properties such as thermal behavior of melting point and clearing point,...

The technique of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching is used to perform an extensive study of the lateral diffusion of a phospholipid probe in the binary mixture dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol, above the melting temperature of the phospholipid. In the regions of the phase diagram where a single liquid phase exists, diffusion can be quantitatively described by free volume theo...

When a nematic liquid crystal is doped with a large amount of a liquid crystalline azobenzene compound (15 wt %), the photoisomerization of azobenzene under UV and visible light irradiation can give rise to reversible and interconvertible photochemical phase transition and photochemical phase separation. Both normal and reverse modes of photocontrolled switching of transmittance through crossed...

We report electrohydrodynamic instability in a cholesteric liquid crystal—a mixture of p-methoxy benzylidene p-n-butylaniline (MBBA) and a cholesteric dopant cholesteryl nonanoate (CN), in the presence of a superimposed magnetic field H. We have found a certain intensity H with respect to the instability in this mixture with negative dielectric anisotropy, beyond which a stripe pattern appears....