Isolated alterations of biochemical markers of liver damage in a seemingly healthy patient can present a challenge for the clinician. In this review we provide a guide to interpreting alterations to liver enzyme levels. The functional anatomy of the liver and pathophysiology of liver enzyme alteration are briefly reviewed. Using a schematic approach that classifies enzyme alterations as predomi...

Inflammation is a constant in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), although their relationship unclear. In transgenic zebrafish system with chronic systemic overexpression of human IL6 (IL6-OE) we show that inflammation can cause intra-hepatic accumulation triglycerides. Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis the IL6-OE liver revealed deregulation glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, espe...

abstract pollution is a world problem with serious consequences. heavy metals are an important group of these contaminants and enter aquatic ecosystems from anthropogenic and natural sources and animal health and systems are affected. in this study, the effect of lead exposure (3 mg/l concentration, 30 days) on activity of tissue enzymes, including acetyl cholinesterase, alanine aminotransferas...

Biochemical and histopathological studies provide evidence of acute mitochondrial insult in Reye’s syndrome. These studies suggest that the metabolic abnormalities seen in Reye’s syndrome could be due to mitochondrial dysfunction (1). In the liver of Reye’s syndrome patients, the activities of all mitochondrial enzymes assayed to date have been decreased, whereas most of the cytoplasmic enzyme ...

Argininosuccinase from normal human liver was purified and characterized. The properties of this enzyme were compared to those of argininosuccinase from bovine liver. The molecular weight of the native human liver enzyme is 200,000 as determined by gel filtration. Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of the enzyme, dissociated by sodium dodecyl sulfate, indicated that it exists as a tetramer...

1. pH5 enzyme from non-lactating bovine mammary gland was found to contain potent inhibitors of protein synthesis in the rat liver cell-free system. These inhibitors affect (a) formation of aminoacyl-tRNA where tRNA represents transfer RNA, (b) transfer of labelled amino acids from rat liver amino[(14)C]acyl-tRNA to protein in rat liver polyribosomes, and (c) incorporation of (14)C-labelled ami...

BACKGROUND Nitrous oxide is a commonly used anesthetic that inhibits the activity of methionine synthase, an enzyme involved in methylation reactions and DNA synthesis and repair. This inhibition triggers vacuole formation and degeneration of neurons in areas of the developing and mature brain that are important for spatial memory, raising the possibility that nitrous oxide might have sustained...

Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACATase; EC 2.3.1.26) is a membrane-bound microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the formation of long-chain fatty-acyl cholesterol esters in rat liver and other tissues. This enzyme is important in regulating the concentration of unesterified cholesterol in the cell. Having recently demonstrated that rat liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reduc...

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly a common disease which is created by the accumulation of fat in the liver. About 20% of adults and 5% of children suffer from this disease. In some studies, half of obese children had fatty liver disease and approximately 90% of the patients with fatty liver were obese. The aim of this study was to evaluate fatty liver diseas...