Four percent articaine local anesthetic has been successfully used to attain local anesthesia for dental procedures. Mandibular block anesthesia may consume longer time to attain and have a higher failure of local anesthesia compared to infiltration. Mandibular facial infiltration has been reported to successfully attain effective local anesthesia for dental procedures. This study involved only...

background: injection of local anesthesia is one of the most important reasons for development of avoidance behavior in children. efforts have been performed to decrease pain perception of injection. the present research evaluated the effect of cooling the injection site on pain perception before infiltration of local anesthetics. materials and methods: a prospective single-blind crossover clin...

BACKGROUND We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were to evaluate the effect and safety of local anesthetic infusion pump versus placebo for pain management following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS In September 2016, a systematic computer-based search was conducted in the Pubmed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Embase, Cochrane Database of Sys...

We have recently reported that brain sodium channels display periods with high (low-Kd) and low (high-Kd) levels of lidocaine-induced open channel block (Salazar, B.C., D.O. Flash, J.L. Walewski, and E. Recio-Pinto. 1995. Brain Res. 699:305-314). In the present study, we further characterize this phenomenon by studying the effects of the permanently charged lidocaine analogue, QX-314. We found ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The relative density of a local anesthetic in relation to that of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at 37 degrees C is one of the most important physical properties that affect the level of analgesia obtained after the subarachnoid administration of the drug. The objective of this study was to determine the density of local anesthetic solutions, with and without glucose, a...

BACKGROUND Mechanisms of local anesthetic cardiac toxicity are still not completely understood. In this study, we analyzed whether concentrations of local anesthetics found in clinical toxicity affect myocardial mitochondrial structure and oxygen consumption. METHODS Guinea pig isolated heart Langendorff preparations were exposed to bupivacaine (3.0 and 7.5 μg/mL) and ropivacaine (3.6 and 9.0...

PURPOSE Barrier properties of the skin and physicochemical properties of drugs are the main factors for the delivery of local anesthetic molecules. The present work evaluates the anesthetic efficacy of drug-loaded nanocarrier (NC) systems for the delivery of local anesthetic drug, ropivacaine (RVC). METHODS In this study, transcriptional transactivator peptide (TAT)-decorated RVC-loaded NCs (...

conclusions our study showed that dexmedetomidine had better effects on sensory and motor block duration and motor block onset in comparison with ketorolac, as lidocaine adjuvants in infraclavicular brachial plexus block were present in both protocols. however, the first time to analgesic request by ketorolac was longer than dexmedetomidine. objectives the purpose of this study was to examine t...

BACKGROUND Wide-awake hand surgery is useful for tendon reconstruction because surgeons can observe the actual movement of the reconstructed tendons during the surgery. We hypothesized that accurate ultrasound-guided injection of local anesthetics into the sensory nerves contributes to reliable analgesia with a relatively small amount of anesthetic. METHODS We enrolled 8 patients who underwen...

Fractures of the proximal upper extremity present a challenge to the anesthesia provider when administering a regional anesthetic because the dermatomal distribution of the upper extremity requires more local anesthetic coverage than any single brachial plexus nerve block can provide. A 60-year-old woman underwent intramedullary nailing of a pathologic humeral fracture using a combination of re...