The study was carried out on 120 crossbred Holstein × Shahiwal dairy cows for a period of 150 days to quantify the influence of dietary energy and protein intake on yield and composition of milk. Total 12 dairy farms having similar housing systems and holding at least 20 dairy cows in between mid to late lactation were selected for study purposes. The farms were located in the peri-urban and ur...

Recently the world’s population demographics crossed an important threshold: more people now live in urban than in rural areas (UN 2006). Projections show that the urbanization continues at a significant rate of ~ 1.5% per year, presenting difficult challenges of providing basic needs such as clean air, water and security for urban dwellers while managing available resources efficiently. In thi...

This study was initiated to characterize urban and peri-urban sheep production systems and their economic importance in and around the towns of Debre Berhan and Dessie, Ethiopia. The study was undertaken using group discussions, structured questionnaire and personal observations. In both locations the majority of sheep producers were male household heads and predominantly traders in urban and f...

Green belt is defined as a narrow green area surrounding an urban area. Shiraz green belt has been developed through 9 projects with a variety of purposes since 2005. The development of green belt is being considered in a number of Iranian cities, and therefore, investigation of Shiraz green belt’s purposes and challenges could contribute to an appropriate planning by decision makers. The main ...

Green belt is defined as a narrow green area surrounding an urban area. Shiraz green belt has been developed through 9 projects with a variety of purposes since 2005. The development of green belt is being considered in a number of Iranian cities, and therefore, investigation of Shiraz green belt’s purposes and challenges could contribute to an appropriate planning by decision makers. The main ...

The importance of small urban parks (SUP) in mega cities has been accepted as an essential component of urban lung and restorative settings. As urban population in the world increases and the cost of maintaining large parks escalates, urban authorities are shifting their attention to creating and maintaining smaller urban parks. However, SUP may present a different ambience due to their locatio...

Metropolitan areas today are faced with pervasive changes of their urban spatial structure and are reshaped by postsuburbanization processes. In this study, one example of such postsuburban restructuring, the multinucleated monofunctional clustering of higher-order services, is investigated in the urban fringe of Vienna, Austria. The methodological framework uses microgeographic data for 2006 a...

Access to appropriate health care is often difficult for people living in rural areas because of a widespread shortage of appropriately educated local, rural healthcare workers and the distance, time and cost of travelling to larger urban health centres. This shortage is due to many factors including medical education, practice conditions, health system, regulatory, community, personal, family ...